^ 



158 



FI\'E STORIES, IRON FRONT, 

66 FEET WIDE, 306 FEET DEEP, 

^ KLXMNG THROUGH FROM 

Market Stre-et to Filbert Street. 




HOOD, BONBRIGHT & CO., 

IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF DRY GOODS, 

8ii, 813 & 815 Market St., and 806, 808, 810 & 812 Filbert St., 

PHILADELPHIA. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



DREXEL, MORGAN & 00., DREXEL, HARJES & CO., 

No. 53 Exchange Place, No. 3 Rue Scribe, 

NEW YORK. PARIS. 



DREXEL & Co., 



No. 34 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 



BANKERS 



AND 



Dealers in Foreign Exchange, 



Government, State, Municipal, and Railroad 
BONDS, STOCKS, AND GOLD. 



Issue Travelers Letters-Credit, 

available throughout Europe. 



INTEREST ALLOWED ON DEPOSITS. 



u PlilL.'i DELPHI A AND ITS ENVIRONS — ADVERTISER 

IfiBlGTIllTlff 

announce to all Strangers visiting Philadelphia, that they are offering at 

their Store, at the 

N. W. Corner of Eighth and Market Streets, 

ONE OK THE LARGPIST AND MOST COMPLETE STOCKS OF 

DRY GOODS 

TO BE FOUND IN THE UNITED STATES. 

IN 

SILKS AND DRESS GOODS 

ESPECIALLY, 
They offer an assortment not to be found elsewhere in Philadelphia; 



while in 



Cloths and Cassimeres, 

HOUSE-FURNISHING LINEN GOODS, 
SHAWLS AND TABLE-COVERS, 
BLANKETS AND FLANNELS, 

MUSLINS AND SHEETINGS, 

AND IN EVERY OTHER DEPARTMENT, 

THEIR STOCK IS XJNSUHI'^SSEr). 



STRAWBRIDGE L CLOTHIER, 

N, W. Corner of Eighth and Market Streets, 
PHILADELPHIA. 



Goods Retailed at Wholesale Prices. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 




SPEAK THEIR OWN PRAISE 

WHEREVER PLANTED. 



Six Hundred Acres in Drilled and Transplanted Crops. 



LANDRLTHS' RyRAL REGISTER 



AND 



A L M A N A C, 1 8 7 2, 

Published m English, German^ and Swedish, 

(USEFUL TO ALL WHO LOVE THE COUNTRY), 
Will be mailed to applicants who inclose a two-cent stamp to prepay postage. 



LANDRETHS' 

Illustrated Catalogue of Flower Seeds 

WILL ALSO BE MAILED AS ABOVE. 



DAVID LMDRETH & SON, 




PHILADELPHIA. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 





Bailey & Co., 

JEWELERS, 

Chestnut a7id Twelfth Streets, 
Importers and Dealers in 

DIAMONDS AND ALL PRECIOUS STONES. 

>^ ^ ^ ^ 

^^ C o o ^ 

^ ^ .'^ ^ ^ 



^ x^ ^ X .'^ 



>^ -^ (^' ^' (/)' 

FINE PLATED WARE, Etc. 



Large Assortment, 

Fine Goods, 

Low Prices. 

Special Attention given to Repairing Watches and Jewelry. 



We take great pleasure in extending a cordial invitation 
to visit and inspect our establishment. 



Baiigy&O 



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PHILADELPHIA AND ITS EN!II[ONS, 






MLW LOOKING LI 1 ilL JjLL V\\ VkL kU ER 



PHILADELPHIA, the second city in the Union in 
point of population, was laid out by William Penn 



in 1682. 

The site was chosen by him because, as he says, " It 
— -=r— - — '-F- seemed appointed for a town, because of its coves, 

docks, springs, and lofty land." The visitor now wonders where all these natural advan- 
tages could have been. 

The Indian name of the place was "Co-a-que-na-que," or "Coaquanock." 
The original town-plot, as we gather from history, was a plain, nearly level, and high enough 
to make it dry and healthful. A few streams of water crossed parts of it, and there were a few 
I hills and ravines, all of which disappeared long ago. 

I The original plan of the city contained nine streets running from the Delaware to the 
1 Schuylkill, crossed by twenty-one running north and south. In the centre was a square often 
I acres, and in each quarter of the city one of eight acres, for public promenades and athletic 
t exercises. 

This plan, so far as the arrangement of the streets is concerned, is still substantially adhered to. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



The streets running cast and west were, with tlic exception of High Street, named after 
native trees. They were Vine, Sassafras, Mulberry. High, Chesnut (sic). Walnut, Spruce, 
Pine, and Cedar. Of these. Sassafras and Mulberry are now called Race and Arch, High 
is Market, and Cedar, South Street. The streets intersecting these were numbered from each 
river to Broad Street, which, in the original plan, was in the middle of the plot, the western 
series being distinguished by the clumsy affix of "Schuylkill," as "Schuylkill Front," 
"Schuylkill Second," etc., until a comparatively recent period, when their nomenclature was 
reconstructed on more scientific principles. 

The city proper was confined within these narrow limits from the date of its incorporation 
by Penn, in 1701, until 1854, when the Legislature, commiserating its overcrowded condition, — 
wedged in, as it was, among its lusty children, Kensington, Cicrmantown, Northern Liberties, 
West Philadelphia, Southwark, and the rest, — took them all in at one grasp, and incorporated 
the whole County of Philadelphia,— a territory twenty-three miles long and averaging five and 
a half broad, having an area of one hundred and twenty square miles. 

The city has now plenty of elbow-room, and permission to grow as fast and as large as it 
pleases ; a privilege of which it is not slow to take advantage, as the hundreds of building- 
permits issued monthly, and the solid squares of dwellings rising simultaneously from the 
ground on all the outskirts, bear ample testimony. 

The original city, with its crowded buildings and noisy streets, is fast yielding to the demands 
of commerce. The vicinity of the spot where it was begun, — Front Street, from Walnut to 

Arch, though bustling and noisy enough during business hours, is a perfect desolation after 

six o'clock, and the thousands who throng there all day long are miles away, resting, most of 
them, in comfortable homes, with plenty of living-room about them. There is no swarming 
in tenement-houses, whole villages under one roof, and large families in one room, as in New 
York. 

The advancing tide of commerce and trade, ever surging westward from the Delaware, has 
already swept over Broad Street in the centre of the city, driving the dwellings of the people 
before it. Market Street is lined with shops and warehouses from river to river ; Chestnut 
is invaded as far as Fifteenth Street, and Arch beyond Tenth ; while north and south traffic 
extends, on certain streets, to the limits of the built-up city. 

This disposition to give her citizens comfortable homes is Philadelphia's greatest pride and 
glory. With a population less than that of New York, she has more houses. The poorest of 
the poor are scarcely compelled to live in quarters too small for them, and every mechanic 
can have a house to himself on payment of a moderate rental. 

St. Alban's Place, on Gray's Ferry Road, is an instance of what can be done toward pro- 
viding cheap yet tasteful homes for the people. Two rows of houses, moderate in size, but 
built with an eye to substantial comfort, face each other across a wide street. They are built 
for people who do not use carriages, and the street corresponds with them. If it is not re- 
quired for carriages, it may be used for something else; and it is. All down the middle of 
it stretches a miniature park, where flowers bloom and fountains sparkle, and on either side 
of it there is ample room for children to play and adults to pass. The families move in and 
the marketing is sent home through alleys at the back of the houses, leaving the street in front 
to serve as a common garden for the dwellers on its borders. 

This is a recent improvement upon the former style of building for the poorer classes, and 
one for which the city is indebted to C. R. Leslie, Esq., whose name deserves to be recorded 
as that of a public benefactor. 

But, as we have remarked above, the plan of the city, as it existed in the mind of its founder, 
contemplated an abundance of room; and this is the legitimate outgrowth of Penn's idea, 
which has never been permitted to die out entirely. His magnificent Centre Square shrank, 
indeed, to the comparatively diminutive Penn Squares, and even these have been recently 
stripped of their trees, in preparation for the splendid municipal buildings about to be erected 
at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets; but these same Broad and Market Streets 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



retain their pristine width; the former of 113 feet, the latter of 100. The four squares in the 
four quarters of the city are still in existence, and, though long condemned to obscurity and 
neglect, they are now restored, and fulfilling their intended mission as "the lungs of the city." 




ST. ALBAN S FLACE. 

Washington Square is on Sixth and Walnut Streets, close beside what was once the State- 
House Yard, but is now called Independence Square, in grateful remembrance that in it hberty 
was first proclaimed to the people. 

Washington Square was once a "Potter's field." Many soldiers, victims of the smallpox 
and camp fever, were buried here during the Revolution. The ground under the waving trees 
and springing grass, where the birds sing and the children play, is literally "full of dead men's 
bones," but the grass is no less green, the sunshine no less bright, on that account, and the 
dead sleep none the less peacefully, for the life above them. 

" The good knights are dust. 
And their swords are rust ; 
Their souls are with the saints, we trust." 



At Eighteenth and Walnut Streets is Rittenhouse Square, and at Eighteenth and Race is 
Logan Square, the site of the great Sanitary Fair in 1864, when the entire square was roofed 
over and boarded up, the trunks of the trees standing as pillars in the aisles of the huge building, 
and their branches waving far above the roof. 

Franklin Square, at Sixth and Race, also long used as a burying-ground, completes tl.e 



PHILADELPHIA AXP ITS PMVPOXS. 




PHILADELPHIA AS PENN KIRST SAW IT. THE BLUE ANCHOR LANDING 



originil number, and is rendered more attractive than the others by a large fountain, which 
plays daily durinjj the summer. 

These, with the addition of Independence Square, are the most important in the city; but 
there arc about half a dozen smaller ones in different sections, and we must devote a separate 
chapter to that grand breathing-place, Fairmount Park, — a resort unsurpassed in America. 
Penn first set foot on the site of his future city at the " Hluc Anchor Landing," at the moutli 

of Dock Creek, in the vi- 
cinity of what is now the 
corner of Front and Dock 
Streets, where stood the 
" Blue Anchor Tavern," — 
the first house built within 
the ancient limits of the 
city. Then, and long after- 
wards. Dock Creek was a 
considerable stream, and 
Penn counted on it to fur- 
nish a natural canal to the 
heart of the town. 

It was used for that pur- 
pose at first, but the water 
became so offensive, and 
the mud and washings of the city, which the current was too sluggish to remove, filled it up 
so rapidly, that it was finally arched over, and wagons now run where boats formerly floated. 
The visitor to the venerable Girard Bank, on Third Street, below Chestnut, sees little to remind 
him that on the site of this stately pile a sloop, "loaded with rum from Barbadoes," once lay, 
and discharged her cargo, or that "John Reynolds lost his only daughter by drowning in Dock 
Creek by Hudson's Alley," — now Hudson Street, above Third. 

And this explains the anomaly of the winding Dock Street in the midst of the primly-drawn 
right lines of the ancient towh : the street was constructed over a winding creek. 

The Blue Anchor Tavern was the beginning of Philadelphia, but other houses were in progress 
before it was finished; Front Street was soon opened, and building followed its line. The first 
winter was passed by many of the inhabitants in caves dug in the river-bank, they having no 
time to build houses before the coming of cold weather. Log houses, however, soon became 
numerous enough to shelter all the people; and the growth of the city, beginning thus on the 
Delaware, pushed gradually north, south, and west, until it became what we now sec it. 

Dock Creek, as we have seen, was obliterated. "Society Hill," in the neighborhood of 
Front and Pine, where Alderman Plumstead had his hanging-garden, and Whitcfield, at a later 
day, preached to fifteen thousand people, was razed, as was also the high bluff on the Delaware 
bank which Penn was so anxious to preserve as a public promenade forever; ordering that no 
houses should be built east of Front Street. All that remains of the bluff is an occasional flight 
of stairs leading up from Water to Front Street. Arch Street was sunk so low in a ravine that 
Front Street crossed it by an arched bridge, whence it derived its name; but bridge and ravine 
are both gone now. So is the Duck Pond at Fourth and Market, into which the tide flowed, 
and in which boys caught fish that had found their way there from the Delaware; and so is 
Pegg's Run, once a considerable stream running from a spring in Spring Garden Street, near 
Sixth (whence the name of the former), through a marsh, to its junction with the Delaware, 
in the neighborhood of Noble Street. yMl these were once landmarks, but the present 
generation scarcely knows their names. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



THE STREETS. 

Philadelphia grew too fast and in too many directions at the same time to permit either its 
business or its objects of interest to be collected in one quarter, or to follosv a uniform line of 
position. The stranger visiting the city cannot walk up town, guide-book in hand, and see all 
that is to be seen, in a morning walk; nor can we direct him how to gather all the attractive 
points in a single route. The best we can do is to give him an idea of the arrangement of the 
streets, and tell him where the points he will probably wish to see are located. A good map will 
then enable him to find them easily. 

All the streets running north and south are numbered from a base-line which is best described 
by saying that it is one square east of Front Street. In the original city, this is the Delaware ; 
but the stream curves both above and below these limits, and so streets east of that line are 
found in Kensington, Richmond, Frankford, and other parts of the present city. 

The houses are numbered alternately, — even numbers on the south side of the street, odd 
numbers on the north. Front Street being No. i, the house next west of it is No. loo. At 
Second Street, though the first loo is not exhausted, a second series begins; and in this way 
one can always tell between what north-and-south-running streets he is. If the number of the 
nearest house is 836, for instance, he knows that Eighth Street is east of him, and that the next 
street west is Ninth. 

The regular succession of the numbered streets is interfered with in the vicinity of the 
Schuylkill by the winding course of that stream, which at Market Street causes a hiatus from 
Twenty-third to Thirtieth Streets. As, however, Thirtieth Street follows the western bank of 
the river, it forms a convenient means of distinguishing the location of a given address, as 
everything west of Thirtieth Street (and, consequently, all houses numbered over 3000, in this 
direction ) must be in West Philadelphia. 

Some unimportant exceptions to the rule just stated may be noticed in the way of uatned 
streets running north and south; but there are few; and being, with the exception of Franklin 
Street, and perhaps one or two others, little better than alleys, they are not likely to mislead 
the visitors. 

But there are no exceptions to the rule that a// streets running east aiid ivest have names, 
instead of numbers. 

Market Street is always considered as a point of departure in reckoning these streets. It is, 
indeed, the base-line of the city. From it the houses are numbered north and south, and it is 
the grand business centre, — the great artery, lying in the middle of the body corporate, and 
sending its streams of human and commercial life to all parts, not only of the metropolis, but of 
the State. 

This was the " High Street" of Penn and his successors, and its magnificent width was first 
made available to accommodate a line of market-houses which the founders of the place early 
provided for. The encroachments of commerce swept these out of existence long ago, but not 
until they had given the street its new name. It is one hundred feet wide, and, like Broad, 
runs in a perfectly straight line from one side of the city to the other. 

As in the streets running east and west, the houses on those running north and south from 
Market are numbered alternately, even numbers on the west, odd numbers on the east; and 
certain streets are designated as boundaries of the hundreds; for, when the city came to be 
closely built up, it was found that Penn's magnificent plan was on too grand a scale for 
practical purposes, and what might be termed interca/ary streets had to be introduced. 

Another reason for these intermediate streets is that, as the city grew beyond its pristine 
limits, it became necessary to deflect the streets from a right line in order to accommodate them 
to the ground to be covered, as its shape was determined by the curving banks of the two 
rivers; and still another reason may be found in the failure of those who laid out the suburbs 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIPONS. 



before mentioned to foresee the day when their infant colonies would be swallowed up by the 
young giant in their midst. They never expected to be made part of Philadelphia, and saw no 
reason why their streets should conform to others just starting two or three miles away. 




VIEW ON MARKET STREET. 

After all, though, the streets forming the "even hundreds" arc, with few exceptions, the 
principal ones, and are easily recognized, even without the assistance of the lists, which may 
be obtained at any hotel. 

A few notable exceptions to the rectangular plan of the streets stretch away from an 
imaginary centre, crossing lots as recklessly as if made by schoolboys impatiently taking the 
nearest way to chestnut-grove or huckleberry-patch, in the far-away past, and leading to the 
very confines of the city. These are the remains of highways built to connect Philadelphia 
with the outlying towns around her. They were formerly called roads ; and even now, though 
polite usage styles them "avenues," the homely phrase of the common folk clings to the old 
title, and it will be long before " Ridge Avenue" will be as familiar to the genuine Philadclphian 
as the " Ridge Road" of his boyhood. There is a local pride in keeping up the old names, — 
a certain home feeling, a familiarity born of old associations, which one does not willingly 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



surrender. "Ridge Avenue" has a grandiloquent sound, well calculated to tickle the ears of 
"outside barbarians," and quite good enough for them ; but what do they know about " Ridge 
Road" ? "Ridge Avenue" leads to Manayunk and the valley of the Schuylkill, but "Ridge 
Road," or its still dearer form, "the Ridge," leads back into the recesses of every true Phila- 
delphian's memory. Think you he will easily vacate this highway to the Past? 

Another of these historic avenues leads to (^.crmantown ; one goes to Frankford; another to 
Darby ; Passyunk Avenue starts from South below Fifth, and runs southwest to Point Breeze ; 
while others, again, are to be found in different parts of the city, running in all imaginable 
directions, as they were located by and for the public convenience. 



RELICS OF THE PAST. 

Philadelphia might with propriety be termed the Historical City of the Union, as it contains 
more souvenirs of our early history than any other. The oldest of these relics of antiquity, or 
what passes for antiquity in this emphatically New World, is the Old Swedes' Church, in 
Southwark, the ancient Wicaco. 

This venerable edifice was built in 1700, to take the place of a log structure which was erected 
in 1677 and served equally well for church or fort, as the exigencies of those somewhat 
uncertain times might demand. The present church is of brick, and is still regularly used. 
It stands in a cemetery where gravestones of all dates, from 1700, and the years immediately 
following, down to yesterday, may be seen ; though most of the oldest stones are so weather- 
worn that their inscriptions are partially or completely illegible. The building stands on 
Swanson Street, below Christian, but looks toward Otsego Street, from which it is reached by 
passing through the cemetery. Visitors can take Second and Third Street cars to Christian. 

Another relic, whose genuineness is established by Watson in his "Annals," is Penn's 
cottage in Letitia Street, a small street running from Market to Chestnut, between Front and 
Second. This house was built for Penn's use probably before his arrival in the settlement, and 
has, curiously enough, withstood the march of improvement which has swept away many more 
pretentious structures. It is a little two-story brick house, on the west side of the street, a few 
doors south of Market, and is now the "William Penn Hotel." 

A few steps from this, on the southwest corner of Front and Market Streets, is a small brick 
house, whose unique appearance attracts 'One's attention even before he knows that there is 
anything remarkable about it. It is now used as a tobacco-store ; but a hundred years ago it 
was the celebrated "London Coffee-House," where all the dignitaries of the city were accus- 
tomed to meet and — oh, primeval simplicity ! — fill the exhilarating cup, and pledge each other 
in — piping hot coffee. No stronger drink was sold there. The house was built in 1702, and 
was used as a dwelling-house for the first fifty years of its existence. 

On Second Street, north of Market, stands Christ Church, on the site of the first church 
erected by the followers of Penn. Tradition says that the frame church built by them in 1695 
was used as a place of worship until the walls of the new building inclosed it and were roofed 
over, when the old church was taken down and carried out piecemeal. The present edifice 
was begun in 1727, and finished by the raising of the steeple in 1753-4. It is a solemn old 
place, — just the spot for one to think in and recall the many associations connected with it. 
The noisy street in front was quiet enough when the builders of this church walked solemnly 
to meeting on the Sabbath. It was grand enough, too, when Washington's gorgeous chariot, 
drawn by four elegant long-tailed bays, drew up before the church, and its stately master stepped 
inside through a waiting crowd of his admiring countrymen. The marble slabs in the yard 
have been worn smooth by the feet of those whom our country delights to honor. In the aisles 
are buried John Penn, Dr. Richard Peters, Robert Asheton, and many others, great men in 



8 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

their day, but all forgotten now. The bells in this high tower are said to be the oldest on this 
side of the Atlantic, — certainly the oldest chime. They joined in the paean with which the 
State-House bell announced the birth of Liberty, and fled, like many of the congregation that 
worshiped below them, when it became evident that the city could not hold out against the 
enemy; but, like the congregation, they returned when the enemy was gone, and were not a 
whit disheartened by their exile. 

These bells, eight in number, were cast in London. Their leader, the tenor, says, "Christ 
Church, Philadelphia, 1754. Thomas Lester and Thomas Peck, of London, made us all." 
They were brought over, free of charge, by Captain Budden, in the ship "Myrtilla," and never 
failed thereafter to ring a joyous welcome whenever the captain's ship was seen coming up the 
river. One was cracked about 1834-5 and returned to its birthplace. White Chapel Bell 
Foundry, where Thomas Mears, the successor of Messrs. Lester and Peck, recast it and sent 
it back with an apinopriate inscription. A tablet in the ringers' room records the fact that 

" On Suiulay, June 9. 1850, was Rung in this Steeple Mr. Holt's celebrated ten-part peal of Grandsire 
triples, consisting of 5040 changes, in 3 hours and 15 minutes, by [eight performers], being the first peal of 
change-ringing ever performed in the United States." 

The massive timbers which uphold these Ijclls arc as sound as when put in, a century ago, 
and look as if they were good for another century, at least. 

The steeple of this church is one hundred and ninety-six feet in height, and the view from 
the outlook, which is probably one hundred and fifty feet from the ground, is beautiful enough 
to repay visitors for all the risk they run of cracked crowns and broken necks in ascending 
the dark and tortuous stairs. The Delaware, with its puffing steamers and white-sailed ships, 
lies almost at the feet of the spectator, and is spread like a panorama for miles and miles. 
Away to the south a gleaming line indicates the junction of the two rivers, at League Island. 
Nearer the eye, the masts of Uncle Sam's big ships at the Navy Yard are displayed ; ferry-boats 
steam steadily across the river; and restless tugs ply up and down, convoying vessels a dozen 
times their size, or dashing about in search of a tow ; all the wharves are crowded with vessels 
of all sizes, from the great ocean steamer to the diminutive "tub," and all the river is white with 
arriving and departing sails. Smith's and Windmill Islands lie in midstream almost opposite, 
and Petty's Island lies a short distance above. Near it a cloud of dust and a forest of masts 
mark the great coal-shipping port of the Reading Railroad, at Richmond; and beyond the 
river ripples and sparkles until lost in the hazy distance. 

Across the river are Camden and Gloucester, and behind them the level sands of New Jersey 
stretch away, so flat and unbroken by anything that would obstruct the vision that it requires 
no great stretch of the imagination to believe that with a glass of moderate power one might 
see the waves of the Atlantic, sixty miles away as the crow flies. 

Inland, the eye ranges over the entire city, from League Island, on the south, far beyond 
Germantown, on the north, and from the Delaware to points far west of the Schuylkill. Second 
Street, the longest built-up street in the city, runs straight as an arrow to the northward, until 
its course is lost among the trees in the suburbs. Dozens of church spires rise into the air, the 
tall white stand-pipe of the Kensington Water-Works standing conspicuous among them on 
the Delaware side of the city, matched by that of the Twenty-fourth Ward Works on the west 
side of the Schuylkill. To the northwest, Girard College stands boldly out ; the Moorish 
dome of the Broad Street Jewish Synagogue rises south of it ; and almost due west of the 
spectator the massive bulk of the Masonic Temple, and the graceful spires, brown and white, 
of the churches at Broad and Arch, mark the spot which is destined to contain, in the near 
future, a collection of architectural triumphs unrivaled in the city. 

Bits of green, set here and there among the crowding houses, indicate the public squares; 
and beyond all the eye rests delighted on the leafy richness of Fairmount Park and of the open 
country in the suburbs. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Nor must we overlook a small street opening into Second Street, directly opposite the church, 
and a tall block of warehouses closing up its eastern end ; for these were Stephen Girard's 
stores and houses, and all the land about them belonged to him. 

Christ Church belongs to the Protestant Episcopal denomination. Two services are held in 
it on Sunday, and it is opcn'for prayers on Wednesday and Friday at ii a.m., at which times 
it may be visited. 

The great elm-tree under which William Penn made his famous treaty with the Indians, was 
at Shackama.xon (now Kensington), — a name still preserved in the nomenclature of the streets 
in that vicinity. The silent witness of "the only treaty ever ratified without an oath, and the 
only one never broken," stood for more than a century. It was a favorite resort in summer 
time ; the citizens sat under its branches, and whole congregations worshiped in its shade ; 
but in 1810 it was blown down, and nothing now remains to mark the place where it stood but 
an insignificant monument, which none but a sharp 
eye can discover. It stands on the east side of Beech 
Street, a few steps north of Hanover (which is marked 
Columbia Street on most maps). A large sign, " Penn 
Treaty Marine Railway," hangs almost directly over 
the spot, and is the surest guide to it. The visitor who 
has imbibed the popular fallacy that the streets of 
Philadelphia are straight, and cross each other at right 
angles, has only to visit Kensington to be thoroughly 
and permanently cured of that idea. If he can make 
his way, unassisted, from any business centre to the 
site of the famous Treaty Tree, without becoming 
hopelessly bewildered, he will do for a backwoods- 
man. All others should take the Second and Third 
Street cars to Hanover Street. They will then have 
but one square to walk. 

The stone, which is not noticeable from across the 
street, stands in an inclosure just large enough to hold 

it, in the midst of stone and lumber yards, and in the shade of a tall elm which may possibly 
be a lineal descendant of the one whose site it shades. 

It is to be hoped that some measures will be taken to have this hallowed spot fittingly adorned 
and beautified before 1876 — Philadelphia's gala year — comes round. 

An interesting relic of our early history, and one whose disappearance every true Philadelphian 
must regret, was Penn's Mansion, the "Old Slate-Roof House," — so called because at the time 
it was built it was the only structure covered with that material in the city. 

This house, which stood on Second Street, below Chestnut, was built by Samuel Carpenter, 
at a very early date, and was used as a residence by Penn on the occasion of his second visit 
to this country, in 1700, at which time he brought his family with him. Here John Penn, the 
only member of the family born on American soil, and called for that reason "the American," 
was born, one month after the arrival of the family. Here Governor Lloyd, one of Penn's 
companions, a descendant — according to tradition — of Meric, who bore one of the four golden 
shields before Arthur when he was crowned king at Caerleon ; himself the heir to great estates, 
and an early deputy-governor of Pennsylvania, was a frequent visitor. Here Isaac Norris, the 
first of a still honorable house, and Isaac his son and successor in the Speakership of the 
Provincial Assembly, were honored guests. Here, in later times. General Forbes, Braddock's 
successor, died; and, still later. General Harry Lee was also buried from the house, w-hile 
Washington, Hancock, Reed, Dickinson, the elder Adams, and their contemporaries often 
honored the old mansion by their presence. 

Afterwards its glory departed. It sank lower and lower in the scale of respectability, until 
at last, having become a mere shell and hollow mockery of its former greatness, it was torn 




S^C^ii- 



THE TENN TREATY MONUMENT. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



down, in 1867, to make room for the splendid building of the Commercial Exchange, which 
stands on its site. 

On the south side of Chestnut Street, about midway between Third and F"ourth Streets, an 




THE OLD SL.VTK-KOOl' IluUbE 



iron railing guards the passage-way to a building which deserves more than any other the 
proud title of the Cradle of American Independence. It is Carpenters' Hall, the place where, 
as an inscription on the wall proudly testifies, "Henry, Hancock, and Adams inspired the 
Delegates of the Colonies with Nerve and Sinew for the Toils of War;" the place where the 
first Continental Congress met, and where the famous "first prayer in Congress" was delivered 
by Parson Duchc on the morning after the news of the bombardment of Boston had been 
received, and men knew that the war was indeed "inevitable." The old man's prayer brought 
tears to the eyes of even the grave and passionless Quakers who were present, and the voices 
which had opposed the proposition to open the sessions of Congress with prayer were never 
raised for that purpose again. Here the first Provincial Assembly held its sittings, to be 
succeeded by the British troops, and afterwards by the first United States Bank, and still later 
by the Bank of Pennsylvania. 

Built in 1770, Carpenters' Hall was at first intended only for the uses of the Society of 
Carpenters, by whom it was founded. Its central location, however, caused it to be used for the 
meetings of delegates to the Continental Congress, and for other public purposes; and when 
no longer needed for these, it passed from tenant to tenant, until it degenerated into an auction 
room. Then the Company of Carpenters, taking patriotic counsel, resumed control of it, fitted 
it up to represent as nearly as might be its appearance in Revolutionary days, and now keep it 
as a sacred relic. The walls are hung with interesting mementoes of the times that tried men's 
souls. The door is always open to the patriotic visitor. 

Little need be said of Independence Hall, for it is known wherever America herself is 
known, and its history is a familiar one to every schoolboy. Commenced in 1729, and com- 
pleted in 1734, the State-House is most intimately associated in the American mind with the 
date 1776. In the east room of the main building (Independence Hall proper) the second 
Continental Congress met, and there, on the 4th of July, 1776, the Declaration of Independence 
was adopted, and from the steps leading into Independence Square, then the State-House Yard, 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



II 



it was read to the multitude assembled by the joyful pealing of the bell overhead.-the same 
bell which now, cracked and useless, but with its grand, prophetic motto still mtact, stands on 




INDEPENDENCE HALL. 

a pedestal in the memorial room. And in the room over that (Congress Hall). Washington 
delivered his farewell address. 

Independence Hall is preserved as befits the glorious deed that was done in it. The furniture 
is the same as that used by Congress ; portraits of our country's heroes crowd the walls, and 
relics of our early history are everywhere. 

The building stands on the south side of Chestnut Street, between Fifth and Sixth. The 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



three isolated buildings which stood here in 1776 are now connected, others having been built 
in the spaces between them, and the entire square is now used for court-rooms and offices 
connected with them, and has a local reputation as "State-House Row." 

Visitors arc admitted to Iiukpciuknct.' 11. dl between 9 A.M. and 4 r..M. daily. Tlie Superin- 




tendent will, on application, furnish tickets admitting the beaici Lu the steeple, from which a 
splendid panoramic view of the entire city can be had. 

The wide sidewalk in front of State-House Row is paved with slate, which forms an admi- 
rable pavement, and is ornamented with trees. Two drinking-fountains represent one of 
I'hiladclphia's noblest charities, and a statue of Washington guards the place whose memory 
is so inseparably linked with his own. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



13 



Still another memento connected with the Declaration of Independence exists. It is, or, 
rather, was, " Hultsheimer's New House." once Jefferson's boarding-house, and the place where 
he wrote the immortal Declaration. It is a plain, three-story brick building, on the southwest 
corner of Seventh and Market Streets. The lower floor is now a clothing depot, and the upper 
ones are used as printing-offices. 

Jefferson also resided for a time at the Indian Queen Hotel, on Fourth Street, between 
Market and Chestnut, which was once t/tc hotel of Philadelphia. 

Another shrine which the patriotic pilgrim will not fail to visit is Franklin's grave. It is in 
the graveyard of Christ Church, on the 
corner of Fifth and Arch. A section of 
iron railing in the brick wall on Arch 
Street permits the visitor to look upon the 
plain slab which, in accordance with 
Franklin's wishes, covers all that remains 
of the philosopher-statesman and his wife. 

The modern city of Philadelphia 
abounds in handsome buildings, impor- 
tant manufacturing establishments, and 
magnificent public works. Its chief im- 
portance, at present, arises from its man- 
ufactures, in which respect it differs from 
New York, which is purely a commercial 
city ; but lines of ocean steamers are now 
in preparation, which, it is hoped, will 
enable Philadelphia to rival her big neigh- 
bor in commerce also. 

Only one grave difficulty seems to lie 
in the way of her becoming as great a 
commercial centre as New York itself; 
and that is her distance from the sea, on 
an estuary which is liable to be closed by 
ice in severe winters. 

That the effort will be made is, however, already a foregone conclusion, and there is little 
doubt that in this, as in all similar conflicts, human ingenuity will prove superior to all merely 
natural obstacles. 

The wholesale mercantile business of Philadelphia is principally confined to the Delaware 
side of the city. 

MARKET STREET. 







FRANKLIN'S GRAVE. 



Market Street, from river to river, is the grand ^«/'r<'/<5/' of inland and foreign commerce. 

Its magnificent width affords ample room and great facilities for the moving of heavy goods; 
railway tracks are laid down in it, running directly into numerous depots and warehouses, and 
whole cargoes of merchandise are thus daily sent from the warehouse direct to distant points. 

A walk along this street shows many fine buildings, but few of special note. We have 
already alluded to the Old London Coffee-House, on the corner of Front and Market; to 
Penn's house, in Letitia Street, and to Christ Church, in Second Street, above Market. 

Second Street presents in itself a peculiar feature of the city, which the visitor should not 
fail to see. It is to Philadelphia what the Bowery is to New York. Of great length, and 
running in an almost undeviatingly straight Hne from the northern to the southern portions of 
the city, it is lined with miles of retail stores of the humbler class, placed with a most supreme 



14 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



disregard for the fitness of things. Hardware, clothing, grocery, confectionery, dry-goods, 
and almost every other conceivable species of store, follow each other with as little regularity 
as the scenes in a kaleidoscope ; and mingled with them, as if to make the variety as complete 
as possible, are a few wholesale houses, two or three "museums" and "menageries," and the 
omnipresent beer-saloons. 

But, interesting though Second Street is, we cannot linger long here, but must return to the 
busy, bustling scenes of Market Street. 

Of the many large business houses on this street, we make special mention of the establish- 




VIEW ON MARKET STREET — J. B. LirPINCOTT 4 CO.'S PUBLISHING HOUSE. 



ment of Garden & Co., extensive dealers in hats, whose tall white building is a conspicuous 
object on Market, above Sixth, and that of J. B. Lippincott & Co., one of the largest publishing 
houses in the world. This establishment is older than the present century, and has risen with 
the city, from a small beginning to its present mammoth proportions. Their Printing-Office 
and Bindery, on Filbert Street, in the rear of the store, is one of the largest and most substan- 
tial buildings in the city. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



15 



The new mammoth dry-goods establishment of Hood, Bonbright & Co., on Market Street, 
above Eighth, is also worthy of special notice. 




J. 1;. LIl'l'INCUTT k CO.'S PRINTING-OFFICE AND BINDERY. 



A good hotel, at a moderate price, will be found in the Bingham House, the third in size in 
the city. This house is on the corner of Eleventh and Market, and, as shown in the cut, 
covers a great extent of ground. 

The square of ground opposite the Bingham House, and bounded by Chestnut, Market, 
Eleventh, and Twelfth, is one of the monuments of Philadelphia's most munificent benefactor, 
Stephen Girard. This gentleman left the whole of his enormous wealth to the city of Phila- 
delphia, excepting some minor bequests, amounting, in the aggregate, to between three and 
four hundred thousand dollars. 

The block above mentioned is represented to the right in the accompanying view, G. Boyd 
& Co.'s Tea and Coffee Warehouse occupying the corner. 

The best known of the trusts established by Mr. Girard's will is the celebrated Girard College, 
spoken of in another place. Another was the square of ground above described, which is now 
covered with buildings, — among them the Chestnut Street Theatre and Concert Hall, — and 
thus tends by its rentals to reduce materially the city taxes. 

Another princely bequest of Mr. Girard's was about eighteen thousand acres of coal and 
timber lands in Schuylkill and Columbia Counties. Of this territory it is estimated that five 
thousand five hundred acres is coal land. With the exception of a small amount of coal mined 
by Stephen Girard himself, very early in the history of coal-mining, these magnificent deposits 
were untouched until 1863, when they were developed, and found to be among the best 
anthracite coal lands in the State. There are now eleven collieries located on the Girard lands, 
producing five hundred thousand tons of coal annually. 



i6 



PHILADELPHIA A. YD ITS EM'IRONS. 



Mr. Girard also bequeathed to the city four thousand seven hundred and seventy-five 
acres of land in what is now Hart County, Kentucky; and this has also proved a source of 
revenue. 




3INGHAM Horsi 



Immediately opposite a portion of the Girard Square, on the northeast corner of Twelfth 
and Market, is a huge building known as the "Farmers' Market." This was built by the 
associated farmers, wlin, ronsiclerinc;^ tliemselves as^t^rieved by the manner in which the public 




VIEW DOWN MARKET STREET, FROM TWELFTH. 

markets were conducted, resolved to build a house for themselves ; and wc cannot regret the 
quarrel, since it has given us this fine and convenient building. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



17 



Two other market-houses, similarly constructed, are situated farther west on this street. 

The extensive Freight Depot of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company is located at Thirteenth 
and Market, and that of the West Chester Railroad at Eighteenth and Market. Extensive gas 
works are situated at Twenty-third and Market. 

The Market Street Bridge, a commodious but unsightly structure, does good service in 
transporting goods and passengers to the western division of the city. All the merchandise 
and nearly all the passengers for the Pennsylvania Railroad and its numerous branches must 
cross this bridge ; having done which, they speedily arrive at the company's two depots, 
occupying the square on the north side of Market, between Thirty-first and Thirty-second. 

Market Street is fast pushing its way westward. Already its line of horse-cars runs to Forty- 
first Street, while a branch extends to Haddington, on the western verge of the city. 

This line of cars runs to the celebrated Kirkbride Lunatic Asylum, otherwise known as the 
Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. The institution is located on a farm of one hundred 
and eleven acres, the entrance-gate being on Haverford Road. About one-third of the grounds 
is laid out in gardens and pleasure-grounds, and the whole estate is fitted up in the manner 
most calculated to attract and interest the patients. The treatment is such that the mind is 
kept constantly employed, and the patients are restored to health, if at all, by kindness and 
judicious treatment, instead of enduring the mad-house horrors so common in the last century. 

Permits to visit the Asylum can be obtained at the office of the Piib/ic Ledger, Sixth and 
Chestnut Streets. 



CHESTNUT STREET. 




CHKSTNUT STRKET liRlUGE. 



The stranger visiting Philadelphia will naturally consider Chestnut Street as the representative 
of the city. Its noble buildings, its handsome stores, and especially the crowds which at all 
times throng its sidewalks, induce him to associate the idea of Philadelphia with this single 
street ; and it is this which presents itself to his mind's eye whenever the city is afterwards named 
in his hearing. 



i8 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Let us in imagination traverse the entire length of the street, and note its objects of interest. 

Starting from the Delaware front.of the city, at Chestnut Street Wharf, where the Wilmington 
steamers land, we turn our faces westward, pass through the tide of commerce which ever 
flows along Delaware Avenue, on the river bank, and climb the rather steep grade leading up 
to Front Street, which still presents a reminder of William Penn's "high and dry bank." 

The lofty fronts of wholesale dry-goods houses, which line both sides of the street as far as 
Third Street, together with the narrow sidewalks, make this portion of it seem narrow and 
gloomy, though the roadway is of uniform width from end to end. At Second Street we 
make a diversion to the left, and in a moment stand before the Chamber of Commerce, the 
new and handsome hall of the Commercial Exchange. This building, which is of brown 
stone, in the Roman-Gothic style, was built in 1870, on the site of the first Exchange, which 
was destroyed by fire about a year before, while still in its first youth, and which was the noble 
successor of what was, in its time, a noble mansion, — the "Slate-Roof House," already spoken of. 

Immediately opposite the Chamber of Commerce stands a plain brick building, chiefly con- 




VIEW ON THIRD STREET. 



spicuous from its great size and severe simplicity of style. This contains the United States 
Appraiser's Stores, and is noted as being, in the opinion of Mr. Mullet, the Government Architect 
at Washington, the only really fire-proof building in America. Its brick walls are of enormous 
thickness, and the windows are protected by iron shutters, set in niches so deep that no fire 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



19 



can warp them open. Inside, all 
is of iron and brick, coated with 
fire-proof cement where necessary, 
and so arranged that the entire con- 
tents of one room may burn with- 
out injuring anything contained in 
the adjoining apartments. 

The building is 74 feet front by 
247 feet in depth, and is five 
stories high, exclusive of the base- 
ment. It occupies the site of the 
old Pennsylvania Bank building, 
the marble of which that structure 
was composed having been built 
into the vaults, in default of a pur- 
chaser, thus presenting the anom- 
aly of a massive foundation of pure 
white marble placed under a brick 
building, and that, too, at a cost 
much less than that of ordinary 
stone. 

This building is quite new, hav- 
ing been finished in the fall of 
1 87 1. It was designed with an 
eye to Philadelphia's future ne- 
cessities, for the Appraiser's tithes 
of goods show but scantily in its 
magnificent warerooms, two of 





TRAl,)i.b.Ml..\ i LANK, illlKD STREET. 



i)lllllli!lt'liii.iliiiiil'liiiililiiiiiii![[iiiiiii'iiiiiiiiii[iiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiniiii iiii iiiiiiiiiiiii r 

liANK OK XORTH AMERICA. 



which are 70 by 130 feet in extent, and 
three others 70 by 180. It is intended, 
however, to use these rooms for the stor- 
age of steamer goods, when the lines of 
steamers now in progress begin to run 
from this city to European ports ; and they 
will then present a different appearance. 

Retracing our steps to Chestnut Street, 
we admire the handsome buildings which 
adorn it between Second and Third 
Streets. On the southeast corner of Third 
is the main office of the Western Union 
Telegraph Company, a five-story brick 
building, radiating wires in every direc- 
tion, in such numbers that the intersec- 
tion of the streets seems to be covered 
with an iron net-work. Directly opposite 
this, on the southwest corner, is the office 
of the Public Record. 

Third Street is the home of the bankers 
and brokers. To a certain extent, it is 
the Wall Street of Philadelphia. On it 
we find the eminent banking-house of 
Drexel & Co., and manv others. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Again turning to the left, we pass the office of the Evening Telegraph, and a few doors 
below it find the office of Jay Cooke & Co., the centre from which went forth, in troublous 
times, the bonds that gave the government its strength. At present, this house is the head- 
quarters of the Northern Pacific Railroad. That magnificent work is strictly a Philadelphia 
enterprise; the motive power which acts upon it, a thousand miles away, and pushes it farther 
and farther out into the wilderness, operates in a second-story room in this handsome building. 

Next below Jay Cooke & Co.'s banking-house stands the Girard Bank, a venerable but still 
stately edifice, built for the first United States Bank, and afterwards occupied by the man 
•whose name it bears, and whose memory Philadelphia must ever cherish as that of the most 
munificent benefactor she has ever had. 

Nearly opposite this is one of the most beautiful banking-houses in the city. It is the 
Tradesmen's Bank, a small but elegantly-designed building, of white New Hampshire granite, 
ornamented with pillars and tablets of highly-polished Aberdeen. The interior is simply but 
neatly furnished, with an eye to equal beauty and security. 




CUSTOM-IIULSE AND POST-OFFICE. 



Again resuming our way up Chestnut Street, we pass, on the south side, the office of the 
Inquirer, and immediately after, on the north, the Bank of North America, the first bank 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 




TIIK CU.N'TINKNTAL IK/IKL. 



established in the United States, it having 
been founded by Congress in 1781, when 
the credit of the country was very far in- 
deed below par. Robert Morris was one of 
the principal originators of this bank, and 
it proved a valuable auxiliary to his efforts 
in behalf of the public treasury. By its aid 
he succeeded in raising again the public 
credit and in establishing a good circula- 
ting medium. 

The present building is of brown stone, 
in the Florentine style of architecture. 

Below Fourth Street, and opposite Car- 
penters' Hall, is the elegant white marble 
building of the Fidelity Safe Deposit and In- 
surance Company, which combines a hand- 
some exterior with the most impregnable 
security that modern science can devise. 
It is in the Italian style, with a front of Lee 
marble, and is the largest enterprise of the 
kind in the country. The safe alone weighs 
1 50 tons, and cost ^60,000. 

The Custom-House stands on the south 
side of the street, between Fourth and Fifth. 
It has two fronts, one on Chestnut, the 
other on Library Street, each ornamented 
with eight fluted Doric columns, 27 feet 
high and 4 feet 6 inches in diameter, sup- 
porting a heavy entablature. It is in imi- 
tation of the Parthenon at Athens, and is 
one of the purest specimens of Doric arch- 
itecture in the country. The building was 

completed in 1824, having cost $500,000, and was formerly the United States Bank 
now used by the United States Sub-Treasury and Custom-Housc officers. 




BANK OF THE REPUBLIC. 



It is 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 




FIFTH AND CIIFSTNIT. 



The Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, an imposing marble structure, fronts the Custom-House ; 
the Post-Office is just above ; and round the corner, in Fifth Street, is the Philadelphia Library, 




rrrrrrrrfr 

irrrrFftt'L 
f.iTfTffrTrrTT 










I'UiiLic lki)c;er building. 



one of the staidly solemn things which seem still to preserve the spirit of the city's Quaker 
founders. It was founded in 1731, — mainly through the influence of Dr. Franklin, whose 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



23 



statue, in marble, is placed over the entrance, — and took possession of its present buildings 
in 1790. It still observes the rules made for its government in 1731, and has a venerable air 
about it which impresses one strongly as he steps into its quiet halls. 

But, notwithstanding its age and sedateness, the library keeps pace with time, and new 
books are constantly being placed on its shelves. The Loganian Library is in the same 
building. Both libraries united contain about 95,000 volumes. 

The building of the American Philosophical Society stands opposite the library. The dream- 
life into which one unconsciously 
falls in the alcoves of the library 
is rudely broken, as he steps out, 
by the constant bustle about the 
Mayor's Office and Police Head- 
quarters, on the southwest corner 
of Fifth and Chestnut. This 
building is at the eastern end of 
"State-House Row," noticed in 
connection with Independence 
Hall, which stands in the middle 
of the row. 

Glancing at Fred. Brown's 
handsome drug - store, on the 
northeast corner, we next pass 
the light-yellow, neat -looking 
building of the Board of Trade, 
which stands nearly opposite the 
Mayor's Office, on the north side 
of Chestnut Street, and, just above 
it, the American Hotel, also on the 
north side. 

On the southwest corner of 
Sixth and Chestnut, the imposing 
brown-stone pile of the Ledger 
building attracts the stranger's 
eye, and he recognizes it at once 
as one of the lions of the city. It 
is well shown in our engraving. 

On the northwest corner is the 
office of the Day, and a few doors 
above the Day office is that of 
the Evening Btdletm, the oldest afternoon paper in the city. Nearly opposite the Bulletm 
office is the handsome office of the German Democrat, and on the corner of Seventh Street 
that of the Press. 

At this point the fashionable promenade may be said to begin. Bright faces and gay cos- 
tumes throng the sidewalk beyond this, and the street is lined with the tastefully-arranged 
shop-windows for which Philadelphia is noted. The group which our artist has collected in 
front of the store of Henry A. Dreer, the well-known seedsman and florist, is a fair sample of 
what may be seen along this portion of the street on any fine afternoon. 

The extensive and elegant front of the Masonic Temple next attracts attention. It is a very 
beautiful building, and was once considered the largest of its kind in the United States; but 
it has become too small, and the brethren of the mystic tie are now building a temple which 
will cast its predecessor into undeserved obscurity. 




FIDELITY SAM 



MIANY S BUILDING. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



The Bank of the Republic, 
whose comparatively plain 
exterior is compensated for 
by the beauty of its interior 
arrangements, is just above 
the Temple, and the Girard 
House lifts its stately front 
beyond. This is the second 
hotel, in point of size, in the 
city, and is a formidable 
competitor of its mammoth 
rival across the way, the 
far-famed Continental. 

The latter, by far the 
largest hotel in the city, 
covers forty-one thousand 
five hundred and thirty-si.\ 
square feet of ground. It is 
six stories high ; the Chestnut 
Street front being of Albert 
and Pictou sandstone, and 
the others, on Ninth and 
Sansom Streets, of fine 
pressed brick. It was opened 
in February, i860, and has 
ever since been a favorite 
with the traveling public. 
All its appointments are of 
the most perfect description. 
An elevator carries guests 
from the ground floor to the 
highest story ; telegraph 

FARMERS' AND MECHANICS' BANK. ^j^.^^ ^^^^^y tl^^jj. ^essagCS 

to any part of the country; their baggage is checked and their tickets purchased under the 
same roof; while the tables are of the finest. 

Diagonally across from the Continental is a ticket-office of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
Company, and beyond it, on the west side of Ninth Street, are the present grounds and build- 
ings of the University of Pennsylvania. 

This institution was chartered as a charity school and academy in 1750, and was erected into 
a college in 1755, and into a university in 1779. It was first located on Fourth Street, below 
Arch, but removed to its present location in 1798. The present building having become inad- 
equate to its wants, a magnificent structure of serpentine marble is being erected at Thirty-sixth 
Street and Darby Road, West Philadelphia, which will be ready for occupation toward the end 
of 1872. We present a view of the building from designs by T. W. Richards, architect. 

The University is divided into academical, collegiate, medical, and law departments, and 
its faculty embraces some of the most distinguished men in the State. 

On the southwest corner of Ninth and Chestnut stands a group of marble stores unsurpassed 
for beauty and splendor in the city. P'ine stores, indeed, arc the rule from Ninth to Eleventh, 
and there are many on cither side of these limits. 

We present a view of the marble-front building containing M'Callum, Crease & Sloan's 
carpet store, on Chestnut Street, above Tenth. 




PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



25 




SCENE ON CHESTNUT STREET. 



At 1 122 Chestnut Street the building of the American Sunday-School Union finds itself in 
the very centre of business now, but when erected, in 1854, it was quite "out of town." This is the 




UNITED STATES MINT. 



26 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 




TWELFTH AND CHESTNUT. 



head-quarters and central office of the Union; but its branches ramify all over the world, and 
its missionaries are continually extending its sphere of usefulness. Founded in 1817 as an 







'" " '% ''11 I '■Hi' 



lUK UNIVERSITY OF TENNSVLVANI A. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



V 




Adult and Sunday-School 
Union, it was instituted 
as the American Sunday- 
School Union in 1824, and 
has ever since been stead- 
ily at work, instructing 
and elevating the masses. 
It has two branches, — that 
of missions and that of 
publication, — and is sup- 
ported entirely by the 
profits of the publication 
department, assisted by 
private contributions, of 
which many noble ones 
from wealthy Philadel- 
phians are recorded. 

The splendid building 
containing Bailey & Co.'s 
jewelry store, on the south- 
east corner of Twelfth and 
Chestnut, will excite the 
admiration of the visitor. 
This store-room is the 
largest of its kind in the 
city. It presents a front of 
forty-four feet on Chest- 
nut Street by two hundred 
and forty feet on Twelfth, 



CHESTNUT STREET, ABOVE TENTH. 

and its ceiling is twenty-two feet in height. Fine statues 
and other works of art are almost always on exhibition in 
the windows. The building was erected by S. S. White. 

We next pass the building of the Young Men's Christian 
Association, on Chestnut Street, above Twelfth, and the 
Chestnut Street Theatre and Concert Hall, on the opposite 
side of the street, and, crossing Thirteenth Street, come to 
the United States Mint. 

This building was erected in 1829, pursuant to an act of 
Congress enlarging the operations of the government coin- 
ing, and supplementary to the act creating the Mint, which 
was passed in 1792. The structure is of the Ionic order, 
copied from a temple at Athens. It is of brick, faced with 
marble ashlar. 

Visitors are admitted before twelve o'clock, every day ex- 
cept Saturday and Sunday ; and the beautiful and delicate 
operations and contrivances for coining, as well as the ex- 
tensive numismatic cabinet, are well worth seeing. 

The new building of the Presbyterian Board of Publica- 
tion stands nearly opposite the Mint. It is a handsome 
four-story edifice, with a front of white granite, trimmed 
with polished Aberdeen stone. 

Soon after crossing Broad Street, we pass beyond the 




AMERICAN SUNDAY-SCHOOL UNION. 



28 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 




WiFf^f^f^¥flFfT^T¥f^rT¥WTYr 



realms of trade and enter the domiciliary portion of the street; though we shall not leave all 

the stores behind us until we have passed Fifteenth Street. 

Here, on the corner of Fifteenth and Chestnut, the Colonnade Hotel has recently been 
built to meet the grow- 
ing demands for up-town 
hotel accommodations. 
It takes its name from 
Colonnade Row, a hand- 
some series of buildings, 
several of which were 
torn down to make room 
for it. The Colonnade 
is a large and well-kept 
hotel ; it can accommo- 
date four hundred guests, 
and its kitchen facilities 
are nowhere equaled in 
the city. 

From the Colonnade, 
rows of stately dwellings 
extend to the Schuylkill, 
over which a substantial 
and elegant bridge has 
recently been thrown. 

Another new bridge is 
in course of erection at 
South Street, a short dis- 
tance farther down the 
river; and an elegant 
one, used by the Con- 
necting Railroad, is just 
below that. 

The Schuylkill may be 
reckoned among Phila- 
delphia's "reserve for- 
ces." With a depth of 
water sufficient to float a 
frigate, and room enough 
on either bank for long 
rows of wharves and warehouses, it is comparatively deserted. Some coal- and stone-yards on 
its shores employ a few vessels annually. The Schuylkill Canal brings down numbers of boats 
from the mines in the coal regions ; but, apart from these, there is as yet no commerce on the 
Schuylkill. This grand avenue to the future heart of the city is still waiting for the time when 
its services shall be rec[uired, — a time which cannot be far distant. Indeed, it can be largely 
used for the transportation of goods to the Centenary Exhibition, and will doubtless find its 
commerce greatly increased by that event. 

P'or a few squares on the west side of the Schuylkill, Chestnut Street retains the solidly 
built-up appearance of a city street; but this is soon lost in a succession of elegant villas 
and country seats, and, finally, in a territory which, as yet, is a part of the city only on the 
map. 




PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



29 




THE COLONNADE HOTEL. 



As a specimen of suburban architecture, we present a view of the residence of A. J. Drexel, 
the well-known banker, at Thirty-ninth and Walnut, West Philadelphia. 







^^F='^r/ f '% SIT Z^ ?i X S 




THIKTY-NINTH AND WALNUT. 



30 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



This portion of the city is new, and is growing very rapidly. Fortunately, Chestnut Street 
and its neif^hbors on the south have been almost monopolized by the suburban residences of 
wealthy citizens, who have adorned their homes with spacious grounds, with trees and flowers, 
and have planted shade-trees along the streets; so that this neighborhood is now, and must 
ever remain, a lovely blending of all that is most beautiful in city and country. 



WALNUT STREET. 



Walnut Street, the chosen haunt of the coal trade, and, to a great extent, of the insurance 
business, presents many points of interest. The anthracite coal trade of the Lehigh and 
Schuylkill regions, which is so important a feature of the domestic industry of Pennsylvania, 
centres in the lower part of this street, a large four-story building of brown stone, on the corner 
of Second and Walnut, being entirely given up to this business, and filled with the offices of 
coal firms. It is known as "Anthracite Block." 




ri'-NNSVLVANIA RAILROAD COMPANY'S BUILDING. 



A little Ik'Iow Third Street, Walnut Street is crossed diagonally by Dock, and in the trian- 
gular space bounded by Third, Dock, and Walnut stands the magnificent building of the 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



31 



Merchants' Exchange, It is an imposing edifice, built of Pennsylvania marble, and, from its 
conspicuous position, forms the most prominent feature of this part of the city. The spacious 
rotunda on its eastern side has recently been fitted up in a sumptuous manner for the use of 
the Board of Brokers. 

Passing the Sunday Dispatch office, on the corner of Third Street, we pass an almost 
unbroken file of coal offices, until we reach Fourth Street, and here we turn the corner into 
Fourth to visit the splendid new offices of the Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad Companies, which stand side by side on the east side of Fourth Street, below Walnut. 

The office of the Pennsylvania Road was built in 1871-2. It is of brick, with an elegant 
front of Quincy granite, and of dimensions adapted to the business of a corporation which 
owns and controls more miles of rail than any other in the world. The immense extent of this 
company's operations is too well known to need repetition here. 

The office of the Reading Railroad was so much enlarged and improved during the summer 
and fall of 1871 as to make it, in effect, a new building. This, the second road in importance 
in the State, taps the rich deposits of anthracite coal in the Southern and Middle Coal-fields, and 
carries to market an average of five million tons annually. In 1870 it absorbed the German- 
town and Norristown Railroads, and now conducts an enormous passenger traffic over both. 




READING RAILROAD COMPANY'S BUILDING. 



Continuing up Walnut Street, we pass on the left 01 what was once the "State-House Yard," 
but has since been named " Independence Square." It is of small dimensions, and, though 
the trees are lofty and green overhead, the ground beneath them has been beaten hard by 
the tread of countless feet crossing it in every direction, and has little that is park-like in its 
appearance. 

Not so, however, with Washington Square, which is diagonally opposite Independence 
Square, and which has already been described at length. 

Outside the railing of this square, on a line with Seventh Street, is a stone fountain sur- 
mounted by an eagle standing on a globe, which is noteworthy as being the first of those 



32 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



benevolent structures in providing which the Philadelphia Fountain Society has already earned 
the gratitude of thousands of thirsty men and sufifering beasts. 

This society was formed in February, 1869, and erected its first fountain in the succeeding 




PHILADELPHIA SAVINGS FUND. 



April. From that time to the close of 187 1, forty -four fountains were erected through its efforts, 
many of them being the gifts of individuals or of societies other than that having the work in 
special charge, but all given at its instance and through its influence. 




WESTERN SAVINGS BANK. 



Some idea may be formed of the value of this simple gift ot pure, cold water from the fact 
that during twelve hours of one August day five thousand and sixteen persons and one thousand 
and eighty-nine horses and mules were seen to drink at six of the most frequented fountains. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



33 



What might be termed another benevolent institution, though it is so according to the sound 
commercial rule of benefiting both parties, is the Philadelphia Saving Fund Society, whose 
buildino- stands on the corner of Walnut Street and West Washington Square. This society, 
the first of its kind in the country, was established in 1816, and has ever since been eminently 
successful. All its earnings are appropriated for the benefit of the depositors, with the exception 
of the amount necessary to meet the working expenses. From a small beginning, the business 
of the institution has gradually increased, until now its depositors number thirty-nine thousand, 
and their united deposits exceed ten million dollars. This money is loaned on the most 




TWENrV-HRST A.NlJ \VA1,.NL1. 



reHable securities, and in such a manner as to enable the managers to realize in the shortest 
possible time that may be required to meet the demands of the depositors. 

We give also a view of another similar institution, that of the Western Saving Fund, at 
Tenth and Walnut. In looking at these fine buildings one is forcibly reminded of the couplet 
said to have been inscribed on one in England : 



' Who would have thought it ? 
Wise pennies bought it." 



Trade has not yet pushed its way on Walnut Street beyond this point. From here long rows 
of substantially-built houses, whose very exteriors have an air of comfort about them, as if 
they would hint at the ease and plenty within, stretch away almost to the Schuylkill. 

Two of these are here depicted. The first is that of John Rice, the enterprising builder of 



34 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



the Continental Hotel, and of a number of other buildings. This is situated on the corner of 
Twenty-first and Walnut. It is of white marble, from the Lcc quarries, and is in the Italian 




TWENTY-SECOND AND WALNUT. 



style of architecture. The second, on the corner of Twenty-second and Walnut, als(j of white 
marble, is the residence of George W. Childs, the well-known and successful proprietor of the 
Public Ledger. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



35 



ARCH STREET. 

Arch Street, though a wide and handsome avenue, has never found its course obstructed 
by such a tide of travel and traffic as surges through Market Street. It has ahvays been an 
eminently "respectable" street, and a certain air of old-time gentility still invests it; one feels 




AKCH srKEET, BETWEEN SEVENTH AND EIGHTH. 



that, in passing from Market to Arch, he has unconsciously stepped back fifty years into the 
past ; the roar and hurry of to-day have given way to the steady-going, quiet ways of the 
earlier years of the century, and he would scarcely be surprised to see a gentleman in powdered 
wig, knee-breeches, and three-cornered hat descending from any one of the stately dwellings 
whose uniform brick fronts, green shutters, and marble steps are the representatives of, if not 
the foundation for, the monotonous Philadelphia which satirical visitors arc fond of depicting. 



36 



PHILADELPHIA AXD ITS ENVIRONS. 



The lower part of the street has, indeed, been invaded, to a certain extent, by the busthng hfe 
of commerce ; but west of Tenth Street all is quiet, and the street is lined with the dwellings 
of the merchant princes of the city. 

Consequently, wc have few points of interest to note here. In our walk up-strect, we stop. 




ARCH bTREET TIIKATKE. 



of course, to look through the iron railing set in the wall of Christ Church burying-ground, 
at Fifth and Arch, and pay our homage to the grave of Benjamin Franklin. 

A little above Sixth Street we pass the Arch Street Theatre, one of the standard places of 
amusement in the city. Its interior arrangements are excellent. The auditorium will seat 
eighteen hundred persons, and the dimensions of the stage, sixty-seven feet square by thirty 
feet high, give convenient room for representations. 

Another square westward, we come to the St. Cloud Hotel, a new and excellent house, 
recently opened, and very convenient to the business part of the city. 

Nearly opposite this is the well-known photographic establishment of Frederick Gutekunst, 
whose pictures attained deserved celebrity during the Rebellion. 

Still farther on wc find two recently-established places of amusement, — the Museum, on the 
corner of Ninth, and Simmons & Slocum's Opera House, on the corner of Tenth. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



37 




On Arch, above Tenth, 
are the Methodist Book 
Rooms, — the Mecca of 
Methodist pilgrims, — and 
at Broad and Arch are the 
stately churches elsewhere 
spoken of. 

The rest of the street is 
"living-room;" it is filled 
with the homes of the peo- 
ple, with few exceptions 
presenting a remarkable 
sameness of appearance 
and size. 

We cannot, however, fail 
to notice, as we pass, the 
ancient Friends' Meeting- 
House which stands on the 
south side of the street, be- 
tween Third and Fourth, 
surrounded by a yard 
whose dimensions suggest 
the good old times of its 
erection, when land was 
plenty and taxes light. 
This meeting-house was 
built in 1808. It is the 
successor of one which 
stood in High Street, and 
has ever since been one of 

the principal places of worship of the Quakers in Philadelphia. This denomination, being that 
to which Penn and his followers belonged, was, naturally, the first to erect a place of worship. 
"The Great Meeting-House," as it was called, at the corner of Second and High Streets, was 
erected in 1695, on land bestowed by George Fox, "for truth's and Friends' sake." "Great 
as it was," says Watson, "it was taken down in 1755, to build greater;" and in 1808 the 
" street noise of increased population" drove the worshipers to the quiet retreat on Arch Street, 
where they still find themselves able to worship without disturbance. 



ST. CLOUD HOTEL. 



BROAD STREET. 



This noble avenue has been described in the earlier part of this work ; but it remains to 
point out some of the many objects of interest which border it. 

Its southern terminus is g,t League Island, — a low tract of land at the junction of the Dela- 
ware and Schuylkill, which was presented by the city of Philadelphia to the United States 
government, a few years ago, for the purposes of a naval depot, — a use for which it is admirably 
adapted. The report of the Secretary of the Navy, for 1871, thus tersely sums up its advan- 
tages : 

"A navy yard so ample in its proportions, in the midst of our great coal and iron region, easy of access to 
our own ships, but readily made inaccessible to a hostile fleet, with fresh water for the preservation of the iron 
vessels so rapidly growing into favor, surrounded by the skilled labor of one of our chief manufacturing centres, 
will be invaluable to our country." 



38 



PHILADELPHIA AA'D ITS ENVIRONS. 



Comparatively little work has yet been done at League Island ; but enough is in progress to 
show what may be expected in the future. A wharf sufficient to accommodate the largest-sized 
vessels has been built ; a receiving-ship and two or three others are stationed there ; and the 
narrow, fresh-water " Back Channel" which separates the island from the mainland is being 
dredged for the accommodation of the monitors, — a large fleet of those peculiar craft beino- 
already anchored in its placid waters. 

Crossing the back channel by a drawbridge, Broad Street extends northward through a low, 
flat tract of land which is now occupied by truck farms, and which will require much labor to 
fit it for building purposes. Two rows of trees have been planted in the drive along this part 
of the street, and these will in a few years afford three leafy avenues for carriages. The city 
is growing but slowly in this direction, its chief extension being to the north and west ; but the 
influence of League Island may draw builders southward when the works arc fairly under way 
there. 

The first building of importance which we notice in going north on this street is the Balti- 
more Depot, at Broad and Prime. We give the most familiar designations of public objects 
in this work, as those are the ones strangers will wish to know. The " Baltimore Depot" is, to 
give it the benefit of its full title, the depot of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore 
Railroad; but that is a name too long for daily use; and for the same reason the inquirer is 

always directed to the insignificant Prime 
Street, instead of the spacious Washing- 
ton Avenue, on the corner of which the 
building really stands. 

Many handsome churches diversify the 
street to the north of the Baltimore Depot, 
but it is impossible to mention all in de- 
tail. 

On the corner of Pine Street we pass 
the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, — a charity 
incorporated in 1821 by the State of Penn- 
sylvania, which has ever since been its 
chief patron, though the States of Mary- 
land, New Jersey, and Delaware also 
contribute to its support and claim a 
share in its benefits. 

One square above, we pass the mag- 
nificent " Beth-Eden" Baptist Church, 
one of the handsomest on Broad Street, 
even without the spire, which is still 
wanting to complete the symmetry of the 
tlesign. 

Now the places of interest crowd thick 
and fast upon the visitor's attention. Just 
above Beth-Eden Church is Horticultural 
Hall, — the chosen home of the Pennsyl- 
vania Horticultural Society, a venerable 
institution, and, like so many other Phila- 
delphia enterprises, the first of its kind in 
the country, having been established in 
1827. It has always been one of the most popular societies in Philadelphia, and its annual 
displays, held first in Peale's Museum and afterwards under canvas pavilions in one of the 
public squares, were once the most fashionable entertainments in the city. Nor have they lost 
their attraction even yet ; for at stated seasons they fill the spacious auditorium of the hall to 




BETH-EDEN CHIMUII. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



39 



suffocation with visitors who come to feast their eyes upon the rare floral and pomological 
treasures there displayed. 

Next door to Horticultural Hall, and so near to it that on grand festive occasions both build- 
ings are leased and connected by a temporary bridge, is the American Academy of Music, the 
most capacious opera-house in the United States. This building was completed January 26, 
1857, and dedicated on that day by the most magnificent ball Philadelphia had ever witnessed. 
Since that time it has been a favorite hall with all the leading musicians, actors, and lecturers 
who have appeared in America. Its architecture is of the Italian Byzantine school, such as is 
frequently seen in the northern parts of Italy. The auditorium is one hundred and two feet 
long, ninety feet wide, and seventy feet high, and will seat twenty-nine hundred persons, 
besides providing standing-room for about six hundred more. The arrangements both for 
seeing and hearing are excellent ; its acoustic properties being extolled by all who have 
appeared on its stage. All the other appointments of the building are on a scale commensurate 
with the immense size of the 
auditorium, and go to make 
up one of the most com- 
plete and magnificent opera- 
houses in the world. 

Following in regular order 
after the Academy of Music, 
and on the same side of 
the street, is the well-known 
building of the Union 
League. This association 
grew out of a "Union Club" 
which was formed in 1862 
for promoting friendly inter- 
course among loyal people. 
The organization of the 
Union League was effected 
in December, 1862. Its fun- 
damental articles were de- 
clared to be these : 

" I. The condition of member- 
ship shall be unqualified loyalty 
to the Government of the United 
States and imwavering support 
of its efforts for the suppression 
of the Rebellion. 

" 2. The primary object of this 
association shall be to discoun- 
tenance and rebuke by moral and 
social influences all disloyalty to 
the Federal Government; and to 
that end the associators will use 
every proper means in public and 
private." 

In pursuance of the principles thus enunciated, the League took an active part in all public 
measures. It enlisted for the United States Army ten full regiments of troops, distributed over 
two million six^hundred thousand copies of Union documents, and claimed to have carried 
the State of Pennsylvania for the Republican party by its efforts in the important election of 
1863. 

In May, 1865, the present League building was finished, at a cost, including furniture, ot 




HORTICULTURAL HALL. 



40 



PHILADELPHIA AXD ITS ENVIRONS. 



about two hundred thousand dollars. It is of brick, in the French Renaissance style, with 
facjades of granite, brick, and brown stone. It has all the appointments of a first-class club- 




^^.^ .sax-'"^* 



AMERICAN ACAIJK.MY OF MUSIC. 



house, and as such has many patrons, the list of mcmliers at the close of 1871 numbering 
about seventeen hundred and fifty. 

Next above the Union League building is an unpretentious and certainly far from handsome 
building, which at present contains the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences. 




NKW ACAIJE.MV OK NATIKAL SClli.NCES. 



This society dates from the year 181 2, when it was founded by a few gentlemen for mutual 
study into the laws of nature. A museum and library were among the first requisites, and 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



4» 



steps were early taken to establish both. The latter now contains about twenty-three thousand 
volumes, and the former upwards of two hundred and fifty thousand specimens, representing- 
every department of zoology, 
geology, and botany. There 
are some sixty-five thousand 
mineralogical and paleontologi- 
cal specimens, with a very rich 
collection of fossils. The botan- 
ical collection is immense ; that 
of shells is only excelled by the 
cabinet of the British Museum ; 
and the collection of birds is 
both rich and attractive. It 
consists of more than thirty- 
one thousand specimens, and 
is probably unequaled by any 
collection in Europe. 

This museum has outgrown 
the building in which it is 
placed, and steps are now 
being taken to erect a building 
adequate for its wants. A lot 
has been secured at Nineteenth 
and Race Streets, and on it the 
fine building of which we present a view will be placed as eo3n as the necessary funds cm be 




UNION LEAGUE liUILDlNc; 




LA PIERRE HOUSE. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 




NEW MASONIC TEMl'LE. 



obtained. The great value of the museum, and the utter inadequacy of its present quarters 
either to display or to preserve it, will doubtless bring the citizens of Philadelphia to its assist- 
ance at an early day. Kven in the present building, however, visitors to the city should by no 

means fail to sec it. It is open to the public on 
Tuesday and Thursday afternoons, at which 
times an entrance-fee of ten cents is charged. 
Next door to the Academy of Natural 
Sciences stands the La Pierre House, one 
of the best hotels in the city. It is six 
stories high, and will accommodate two hun- 
dred guests. We now cross Chestnut Street, 
glance at the Corinthian porticos of two 
Presbyterian churches, on the east side of 
Broad Street, one above and the other be- 
low Chestnut, and in a moment reach the 
Penn Squares, four in number, at the in- 
tersection of Broad and Market. These 
squares have recently been stripped of their 
trees, and are now (January, 1872) being 
excavated for the foundations of the new 
Public Buildings for law-courts and public 
offices, concerning the location of which 
there was so much bitter controversy when 
they were first determined on. 
At the northwest corner of these squares is one of the many noble charities that Philadelphia 
can boast of This is the School of Design for Women, — the only institution of the kind in 
America. It was founded in 1848, by Mrs. Peter, for the purpose of educating women to extend 
their sphere of usefulness and open to them a new and pleasant means of support. In a great 
manufacturing city there is a constant demand for new and elegant designs for all branches of 
mechanic art. The School of Design trains women for this work, instructing them gratuitously, 
and seldom failing to make them experts in the business of mechanical drawing. 

In a year or two this part of Broad Street will be unequaled in the State for the number and 
beauty of its public edifices. On the corner of Filbert Street the new Masonic Temple rears 
its stately head high above the neighboring houses. It is built of granite, dressed at the quarry 
and brought to the temple ready to be raised at once to its place ; so that what was said of 
Solomon's temple may be said with almost equal truth of this : " There was neither hammer 
nor ax nor any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building." 

This temple is one hundred and fifty feet in breadth by two hundred and fifty in length, with 
a side elevation of ninety feet above the pavement, its colossal proportions making it seem low 
■even at this height. A tower two hundred and thirty feet high rises at one corner. The entire 
building is devoted to Masonic uses, there being nine lodge-rooms, together with a library and 
officers' rooms. 

Adjoining the Masonic Temple on the north is the Arch Street Methodist Episcopal Church, 
the handsomest church of this denomination in the city. The intersection of Broad and Arch 
Streets is, indeed, noteworthy for its churches. The pure white marble of the Methodist church, 
on the southeast corner, the rich brown stone of the First Baptist Church, on the northwest 
■corner, and the green syenite of the Lutheran church, now building on the southwest corner, 
present a group of architectural beauty rarely surpassed in any city. 

At this point occurs an interruption of the usual magnificent display of Broad Street, — a 
region of warehouses and coal-yards, which once threatened to be permanent, but to which the 
removal of the railroad-tracks from Broad Street gave a death-blow ; so that we may now hope 
to see their places occupied before long by structures in keeping with the magnificent plan of 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



43 



the street. Nevertheless, it must be confessed that, at the present writing, Broad Street from 
Arch to Callowhill is not a pleasant thoroughfare. The new Academy of Fine Arts, to be 
located at Broad and Cherry, will do much for this part of the street. 

At Callowhill Street we come to the passenger depot of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail- 
road, and just above it, but on the opposite side of the street, the extensive buildings of the 
Baldwin Locomotive Works, — an establishment which boasts the proud distinction of being the 
largest, as it is among the oldest, of its kind in the world. 

Spring Garden Street, which bounds the Baldwin Locomotive Works on the north, is one of 
a few streets which deserve special notice for the generous manner in which they are laid out. 
From Twelfth to Broad' a beautiful little park occupies the centre of the street, — which is nearly 
or quite as wide as Broad Street itself, — and this will probably be continued all the way to 
Fairmount Park, in a few years. Below Twelfth the street is occupied by a long line of market- 
houses. 

On the southwest corner of Broad and Green Streets we pass the Central High School, — a 




.NKW ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS. 



plain but not inelegant brick edifice, — and on the northwest corner a handsome Presbyterian 
church, built in the Norman style of architecture. Beside this stands the Jewish synagogue 
Rodef Shalom, a good specimen of the Saracenic style, and a very handsome though very 
peculiar building. 

At the intersection of Ridge Avenue, Coates, and Broad is the beginning of a section ot 
wood pavement which was laid down a couple of years ago as a trial, and which, though it has 
been heartily abused ever since, has ever been a favorite resort for pleasure-driving. It extends 
from Coates Street to Columbia Avenue, — a distance of about a mile, — and on a fine Sunday 
afternoon is thronged with fast horses and elegant carriages. The sidewalks, at the same time, 
are crowded with promenaders, and the whole presents a scene of life and animation strikingly 
in contrast with the Sabbath stillness of the rest of the city. 
*- Along this part of the street there are very many fine private residences. It is an exempli- 



44 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



fication of what Broad Street is capable of being made, and what it may reasonably be expected 
to become in the near future. 

We present a view of one of these dwellings, that of Richard Smith, on Broad above 
Master, 




Edwin Forrest, the distinguished tragedian, also resides at Broad and Master. 

The splendid Episcopal church of the Incarnation, at"Broad^and Jefferson, and several other 
fine buildings in the immediate vicinity, close the list of objects of interest on Broad Street for 
the present. Columbia Avenue is the northern limit of building on this street just now ; but 
the noble avenue continues straight as an arrow northward, thcjiouses are fast following it, 
and it cannot be very many years before it will be crowded with stately buildings all the way 
to Gcrmantown. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



4S 



THE CEMETERIES. 

It is impossible in a work of this kind to do justice to the many beautiful cemeteries in which 
repose the dead of the great city. We can, however, direct the visitor to a few of the more 
prominent ones, and assure him that a visit to them will be a source of gratification. We use 
the word advisedly, for few more pleasant spots can be found in the vicinity of Philadelphia 
than its burial-places, fitted up as they are with equal taste and elegance. 




Till-: SCilLVLKU.L KIVKR TKUM NUKTU LAL RKI. Uil.L, 



Laurel Hill Cemetery is confessedly the leading cemetery of Philadelphia in size, location, 
and beauty of adornment. It is situated on a sloping hillside bordering on the Schuylkill ; the 
extensive grounds are skillfully laid out ; and the monuments and other decorations are as 
elaborate as affection could suggest or munificence bestow. The ground is divided into three 
sections, known as North, South, and Central Laurel Hill, — the last being the most recently- 
added of the three. The plan of the company by which this cemetery was established was to 
provide for its patrons a resting-place which should be theirs forever, without fear of molest- 
ation or disturbance by the ever-lengthening city streets and the ever-growing city trade, and 
which they might therefore ornament freely with substantial and enduring monuments. The 
idea was well carried out in the selection of a site little available for business purposes, and now 
secured forever by its incorporation within the bounds of Fairmount Park; and it was quickly 
appreciated by the citizens. The result is shown in the present appearance of the grounds, 
and in the fact that, besides the addition of South Laurel Hill and two other sections of 
ground, it has become necessary to enlarge the accommodations a fourth time ; and in doing 
so the fundamental idea of an isolated and permanent burial-place has been kept in view, if 
possible, more fully than ever before. This addition is West Laurel Hill Cemetery, an insti- 
tution entirely distinct from the original, and controlled by a separate corporation, but yet 
owned and officered by the same individuals, so that it is virtually an e.\tension of the original 
Laurel Hill, and is managed in harmony with it. 



46 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



West Laurel Hill Cemetery is the latest enterprise of the kind connected with the city, 
having been incorporated in November, 1869. It is situated on the vifest side of the Schuylkill, 
in Montq-omcry County, a short distance from the boundary-line of the incorporated city. 




L;1' TllK SCIIIVLKILL, FKUil WEST I.Al^KEL HILL. 

At present West Laurel Hill contains one hundred and ten acres, but the charter permits its 
increase to three hundred acres. Under the management of persons long familiar with the 
work done at the original Laurel Hill, it is rapidly assuming a beautiful and appropriate 
appearance. 

A number of smaller cemeteries are situated in the vicinity of Laurel Hill, and some im- 
portant ones are located in parts of the city which have still a rural aspect. Monument 
Cemetery, which was founded in 1837, two years after Laurel Hill, is situated at Broad and 
Berks Streets, and is remarkable for a fine granite monument to the joint memories of Wash- 
ington and Lafayette, which stands in the centre, and gives name to the cemetery. 

Still nearer to Laurel Hill arc Mount Peace, Mount \'crnon, Glenwood, and several society 
cemeteries. 

Cathedral Cemetery, the great burying-ground of the Roman Catholic denomination, is 
located on Forty-eighth -Street, between Girard Avenue and Wyalusing Street, in West Phila- 
delphia. It was consecrated to the purposes of sepulture in 1849, being named after the 
Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, which was then building. This cemetery includes forty- 
three acres, and contains some elegant monuments. 

Mount Moriah Cemetery, one of the most beautiful in the city, is on Kingsessing Avenue, 
about three miles from Market Street, and is reached by the Darby line of horse cars running 
out Walnut Street. It is quite large, and is very liberally supplied with both natural and 
artificial attractions. 

The same line of cars passes Woodland Cemetery, another attractive rural burying-ground, 
nearer the city. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



47 




48 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



FAIRMOUNT PARK. 




Fairmount Park, new though it is, has ahcady attained a reputation second only to that 
of Central Park, New York, and only second to that because Fairmount is not yet old enough 
to be as widely known. 

Fairmount needs no eulogist. It speaks for itself; and the stranger who, with this book for 
his guide, will spend a summer day — or, better still, a week — in leisurely and appreciative 
exploration of its hills and dales, its leafy woodlands and sunny slopes, its rippling streams 
and placid river, its dewy sunrise and dreamy sunset, and the glory of its moonlight vistas, 
will permit no tongue to sound its praises louder than his own. 

We preface our description of it with a few dry facts and figures which it will be well to bear 
in mind. 

Fairmount Park arose from the necessity for a supply of pure water, the deterioration of 
•which threatened to become not only an evil but a grievous calamity. The mills and 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



49 



manufactories on the banks of the Schuylkill were multiplying rapidly, and there was great 
danger that in the course of a very few years the river-banks for miles above the city would 
be lined with factories and workshops, to the utter ruin of the stream on which the citizens 
depended for their supply of pure water. 

Just in time to prevent this catastrophe, Fairmount Park was conceived, and by degrees 
executed, until now five miles of the river and six of its beautiful and important tributary the 
Wissahickon, together with the high lands bounding their immediate valleys, are inclosed and 
preserved forever from all pollution and profanation. 

The Park now contains nearly three thousand acres, being more than three times as large 
as the New York Central Park. It is dedicated to be a public pleasure-ground forever, and, 
under the management of a Board of Commissioners, is rapidly growing in beauty and in- 
terest. 

The visitor will take a street-car on Pine, Arch, or Vine Street, — all of which lines run to the 
Wire Bridge, the lower end of the Park; or a car of the Green and Coates Streets line, 




MONUMENT ERECTED TO THE MEMORY OF FREDERIC GRAFF. 



which runs from Fourth Street, 7'm Walnut, Eighth, and Coates, to the Coates Street entrance; 
or a yellow car of the Union line, passing up Ninth Street and landing him at the Brown Street 
entrance; or, if well up town, a Poplar Street or Girard Avenue car, which will deposit him at 
Brown Street and Girard Avenue respectively. All these termini, except the last, are in the 
immediate vicinity of Fairmount Water-Works, at the lower end of the Park. Another route 
is by the Park accommodation trains of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, which in 
summer run every hour during the day and carry passengers from the depot at Thirteenth and 
Callowhill to Belmont, on the west side of the Schuylkill. Accommodation trains on the 
Pennsylvania Railroad and the Vine Street horse-cars also run to Hestonville, within a short 
walk of George's Hill, at the western end of the Park. 

Lastly, the visitor can hire a carriage by the day and make the tour of the Park without 
fatigue or difficulty ; and for mere sight-seeing this is much the best way. 

Entering the Park at the lower entrance, we step at once into the grounds pertaining to the 
Schuylkill Water-Works ; and the works themselves are contained in the building, or rather 
group of buildings, just before us. These works were first put in operation in 1822, though the 



50 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



city was first supplied with water from the Schuylkill in 1799. r-:normous engines worked by 
water-power force water from a dam in the river to the top of a hill in front of the building, — 




THE LINCOLN MONUMENT. 



the original " Faire-Mount," — where it is held in a distributing reservoir. The same works 
supply a reservoir on Corinthian Avenue, near Girard College. From a piazza in the rear of 




VIEW ON THE SCHUYLKILL, SHOWING THE JiOAT-HOUSES AND LEMON HILL. 

the building a good view is obtained of the celebrated Wire Bridge, now a dingy structure 
without special beauty to an unscientific eye. The grounds immediately surrounding the 
buildings contain several fountains and pieces of statuary. The monument in our cut is that 
of Frederic Graff, the designer and first engineer of the works. Just above the Water-Works is 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



51 



a little dock, whence in summer a couple of miniature steamers ply incessantly on the river, 
stopping at all points of interest on their route. 

Next, crossing an open space ornamented by a bronze statue of Lincoln, erected by the 
Lincoln Monument Association, in the fall of 
1 87 1, we come to another hill, covered with 
trees, among which go winding paths, and 
imder which green grass and flowering shrubs 
combine their attractions, while around the 
Tjase of the hill flowers bloom and fountains 
play, and the curving drive leads a glittering 
host of carriages. This is Lemon Hill, and 
on its summit is the mansion in which Robert 
Morris had his home during the Revolution- 
ary struggle. Here the great financier loved 
to dwell. Here he entertained many men 
whose names were made illustrious by those 
stirring times. Hancock, Franklin, the elder 
Adams, members of the Continental Con- 
gress, officers of the army and navy, and 
many of the foremost citizens met frequently 
under this hospitable roof. Here, busy in 
peace as in war, he afterwards planned those 
magnificent enterprises which were his finan- 
cial ruin ; and from here he was led away to 
prison, the victim of laws equally barbarous 
and absurd, which, because a man could 
not pay what he owed, locked him up lest 
he might earn the means to discharge his 
debt. 

The fortunes of the once magnificent man- 
sion have fallen, like those of its magnificent 
owner. It is now a restaurant, where indif- 
ferent refreshments are dealt out at corre- 
spondingly high prices; for it is an axiom that men pay most for the worst fare. 

Next, following the carriage-drive, which, beginning at the Green Street entrance, runs up 
the river, we come to a third hill, formerly called " Sedgely Park." Here stands a small frame 
Ijuilding known as " Grant's Cottage," because it was used by that general as his headquarters 
at City Point. It was brought here at the close of the war. 

From this hill there is an excellent view of the Schuylkill Water- Works, which stand in a 
ravine just beyond it. At its foot is the Girard Avenue Bridge, which connects the East and 
West Parks, and under this bridge passes a carriage-way leading to the northeast portion of 
the Park. The New York Railroad Bridge, as it is popularly termed, which unites the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad with the Camden and Amboy, raises its graceful arches a little above the 
Girard Avenue Bridge, and through the rocky bluff which forms its eastern abutment a short 
tunnel has been cut, as the only means of opening a carriage-road to the Northeast Park. This 
route was opened in the summer of 1871, and developed some of the loveliest scenery in all 
the Park. A number of fine old country-seats were absorbed in this portion of the grounds, 
and they remain very nearly as their former owners left them. Continuing up this side of the 
river, we come finally to Laurel Hill Cemetery, and then to the massive stone bridge over 
which the coal-trains of the Reading Railroad pass on their way to Richmond. 

We shall, however, find more marks of improvement by crossing the Girard Avenue Bridge 
into the West Park. 




THE FOUNTAIN NEAR BROWN STREET ENTRANCE. 



52 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Below the bridge, on the west side, is a tract called "Solitude," and in it stands an ancient 
house built by John Penn, son of Thomas Penn and grandson of William, and owned by his 
descendants until its purchase by the Park Commissioners. Just beyond this, the tall stand- 
pipe of the West Philadelphia Water-Works 
forms a conspicuous feature. 

A short distance above the bridge is the 
Children's Play-ground, near Sweet Brier 
Mansion, and passing this the road enters 
Lansdowne and crosses the river road by a 
rustic bridge, from which the beautiful view 
of the Schuylkill shown in our engraving is 
had. 

The venerable pines shown in the next 
sketch mark the site of Lansdowne Concourse. 
This fine estate of Lansdowne contained two 
hundred acres, and was established by John 
Penn, "the American," whose nephew, also 
named John, the son of Richard Penn, built 
a stately mansion here, and lived in it during 
the Revolutionary war, a struggle in which 
his sympathies were by no means with the 
party that was finally successful in wresting 
from him the noble State which was his 
paternal inheritance and of which he had 
been Governor. 

Leaving the Concourse, the road skirts 

thejl^ase of Belmont Reservoir, and, winding 

round a rather steep ascent, comes out on the 

summit of George's Hill, two hundred and 

ten feet above high tide. 

This tract, containing eighty-three acres, was presented to the city by Jesse and Rebecca 

George, whose ancestors had held it for many generations. As a memorial of their generosity, 

this spot was named George's Hill, and its rare advantages of scenery and location will keep 




^\\ IJ. r J.KIKK UA\ INK 




THE COI.UMHIA liKIDC.K, IRoM 1 H K. WEST I'AKK. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



53 



their name fresh forever. It is the grand objective point of pleasure-parties. Few carriages 
make the tour of the Park without taking George's Hill in their way, and stopping for a few 
moments on its summit to rest their horses and 
let the inmates feast their eyes on the view 
which lies before them, — a view bounded only 
by League Island and the Delaware. 

In the broad meadow which lies at the vis- 
itor's feet as he stands on George's Hill, looking 
eastward, it is proposed to hold a grand Cen- 
tennial Exhibition during the centenary year of 
American independence. It has been decided 
that Philadelphia — the birthplace of liberty — 
shall be the place in which a grateful country 
will celebrate its hundredth birthday ; and there 
can be no better place to hold the grand exhi- 
bition of the fruits of a hundred years' progress 
by which the anniversary is to be celebrated 
than the one already selected. A quarter of a 
mile of track will enable the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road to set down the products of all the Western 
and Southern States under the roof of the build- 
ings, in the very cars in which they were first 
packed, and all the contributions of the Far East 
without breaking bulk except in the transfer from 
steamer to rail at San Francisco ; while goods 
coming from Atlantic ports can be unloaded on 
the Schuylkill within sight of their destination. 
There will be more trouble in bringing heavy 
articles from some of the manufactories of 
Philadelphia herselt than from California or 
Minnesota. 




THE LANSUOWNK I'lNES. 



But we cannot dwell even on so fruitful a theme as the Centennial Exhititicn. The carriage- 




LOOKl.NG EAsr 1 ROM UELM )N l. 



54 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



road next brings us to Belmont Mansion. This, like most of the buildings in the Park, is ot 
very ancient date, having probably been erected about 1745. 

This was the home of Richard Peters — poet, punster, patriot, and jurist — during the whole 
of his long life. Many of his witty sayings are still ivt mt .i>; mi' nl^o n number of his poems ; 




A \\V.\S ().\ rui-, W 1^^^AII U K 



while his eminent services as Secretary of the Board of War during the Revolution, Repre- 
sentative in Congress subsequently, and Judge of the United States District Court for nearly 
half his life, will not soon be forgotten. Brilliant as have been the assemblages of dis- 
tinguished guests at the many hospitable country-seats now included within the bounds ot 
Fairmount Park, the associations connected with Belmont Mansion outshine all the rest. 
Washington was a frequent visitor ; so was Franklin ; so were Rittenhouse the astronomer, 
Bartram the eminent botanist, Robert Morris, Jefferson, and Lafayette, — of whom a memento 
slill remains in the shape of a white-walnut-tree planted by his hand in 1824. Talleyrand and 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



55 



Louis Philippe both visited this place; Tom Moore's cottage is just below, on the river-bank ; 
and many other great names might be mentioned in connection with Belmont, if we had room 
for them. Now, alas! the historic mansion has degenerated into a restaurant. 




UP THE WISS.\]lK'KU-\ — MK( ;AK( ;KK's I'Al'ER-MILL. 

The view from the piazza ot the house is one which can scarcely be surpassed in 
Our engraving, through drawn by one of the 
first landscape-painters in the country, gives 
but a faint idea of its beauty. It is one ot 
those grand effects of nature and art com- 
bined which man must acknowledge his 
inability to represent adequately on paper. 

Leaving Belmont, the road passes through 
a comparatively uninteresting section to Cha- 
mouni, with its lake and its concourse, and 
the northern limits of the Park. Near the 
lake it intersects the Falls road, and this 
takes us down to the Schuylkill, which we 
cross by a bridge, and continue up the east 
bank of the river to its junction with the 
Wissahickon. 

The Falls of Schuylkill exist only in his- 
tory now, but before the Fairmount dam was 
built they were a beautiful reality. The cas- 
cade, which was formed by a projecting ledge 
of rock, was slight, but in seasons of high 
water it made a fine display. 



America. 




THE WISSAHICKON — BRIDGE AT VALLEY GREEN. 



56 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



A little above the Falls is the " Battle-Ground," — the scene of an infettded battle between 
the Americans under Lafayette and the British under General Grant. The latter, however, 
unlike his distinguished modern namesake, allowed himself to be outgeneraled, and Lafayette 







THE ni'E IIRIDGE ONF.R THE WISSAH ICKON. 

succeeded in executing a masterly retreat, — that being the only thing he could do under the 
circumstances. Here, also, was fought the memorable and disastrous battle of Germantown. 

The Wissahickon is a lovely stream wind- 
ing through a narrow valley between steep 
and lofty hills which are wooded to their 
summits, and have the appearance of a 
mountain -gorge hundreds of miles from 
civilization, rather than a pleasure-retreat 
within the limits of a great city. 

In its lower reaches the stream is calm 
and peaceful, and boats are kept at the two 
or three small hostelries which stand on its 
banks, for the convenience of those who 
wish to row on the placid waters. This 
calm beauty changes as the valley ascends, 
and we soon find the stream a mountain 
torrent, well in keeping with its picturesque 
situation and surroundings. So with alter- 
nate rush of torrent and placid beauty of 
calm reaches the romantic stream flows 
down from the high table-lands of Chestnut 
Hill to its embouchure in the valley of the 
Schuylkill. 

A few manufacturing establishments have 
invaded the sequestered valley ; but the Park Commissioners have taken measures to do 
away with them all after a certain number of years, and restore the Wissahickon as nearly as 
possible to its pristine wildness and unfettered beauty. 




UP THE WISSAHICKON. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



57 




THE WTbbAHlCKUN AT CHESTNUT HILL. 



One of these invaders — Edward Megargee's paper-mill — is shown in our illustration. Like 
most of the others, it is now owned by the city, but will be operated by the heirs of its late 
owner for ten years, ending in 1882, after which it will be removed. 

We may briefly notice a few of the many points of interest in this romantic glen, some ot 
which our artists have sketched in a manner which renders pen-and-ink descriptions super- 
fluous. 

Soon after leaving the Schuylkill, the drive up the Wissahickon passes the " Maple Spring" 
restaurant, where a curious collection of laurel-roots dettiy shaped into all manner of strange 
or familiar objects, the work of the proprietor, will repay a visit. 

A quarter of a mile farther is the " Log Cabin," another restaurant, which displays a limited 
menagerie of wild beasts. 

A little above this, a lane ascends through the woods to the Hermit's Well, which is said to 
have been dug by John Kelpius, a German Pietist, who settled down here, with forty followers, 
two hundred years ago, and lived a hermit's life, waiting for the fulfillment of his dreams. He 
and his associates gave names to many of the scenes about here, among them the Hermit's 
Pool, of which we give an illustration. 



58 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Three and a half miles above its mouth the stream is crossed by a beautiful structure called 
the Pipe Bridge, six hundred and eighty-four feet long and one hundred feet above the creek. 




UP THE WlisAlllLlv'.'.N- -illE DRIVE. 



The water-pipes that supply Germantown with water form the chords of the bridge, the whole 
being bound together with wrought-iron. It was designed by Frederic Graft", and constructed 





THE WISSAHICKON — THE HERMIT S POOL. 



HEMLOCK CLEN. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



59' 




■IIRIUGE NEAR MT. AlRi 



under his superintendence. A hundred yards 
above this is the wooden bridge shown in our 
engraving. Near this is the Devil's Pool, a 
basin in Creshein Creek, a small tributary of 
the Wissahickon. 

The next point of interest is the stone bridge 
at Valley Green, and half a mile beyond this 
is the first public drinking-fountain erected in 
Philadelphia. It was placed here in 1854, and 
was the precursor of a numerous and bcne- 
ticial following. 

A mile and a half of rugged scenery ensues, 
terminating in the open sunlight and beautiful 
landscapes of Chestnut Hill, where the end of 
the Park is reached. 

Watson, in his "Annals of Philadelphia," 
speaks thus of " The Wissahickon :" 

"This romantic creek and scenerj-, now so mucli 
visited and familiar to many, was not long since an ex- 
tremely wild, unvisited place, to illustrate which I give 
these facts, to wit : Enoch and Jacob Rittenhouse, 

residents there, told me in 184:^ that when they were boys the place had many pheasants; that they snared 

a hundred of them in a season ; they also got many 
partridges. The creek had many excellent fish, such 
as large sunfish and perch. The summer wild ducks 
came there regularly, and were shot often ; also, some 
winter ducks. They then had no visitors from the 
city, and only occasionally from Germantown. There 
they lived quietly and retired; now all is public and 
bustling, — all is changed !" 

The natural beauties of Fairmount Park 
are now its chief attraction, but these can be 
greatly enhanced by the discreet addition of 
works of art in the shape of statues, fountains, 
busts, etc. We are happy to state that a 
society under the name of the Fairmount 
Park Art Association has recently been es- 
tablished with the object of facilitating this- 
adornment, and already embraces a large 
number of prominent citizens among its. 
members. It is the duty of every citizen to- 
encourasre its efforts. 







6o 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 

There are many objects of interest in the city which are not enumerated in this work, our 
object being to slcetch only the principal ones. 

No visitor should fail to see the Navy Yard, in the southern part of the city, with its immense 
ship-houses, floating- and dry-docks, shops, and arsenal, and the noble vessels constantly lying 
at its wharves. Cars run down Second, Fourth, Sixth, and Seventh Streets every few minutes, 
the first and last named conveying passengers to the gate of the yard, and the others passing 
within a short distance of it. Admission is free to all parts of the yard, and passes to go on 
board the vessels can be readily procured at the commander's office, just inside the gate. The 
rows of ordnance, stacks of balls, and especially the arsenal, with its relics, will interest the 
visitor. 

As might be supposed, the Delaware, with its broad stream, deep channel, and abrupt bank, 




VINE STREET I'EKKV, TEUMINLS Ol' rilK CAMDEN AND ATLANTIC RAII.KOAn. 



is the chosen home of the shipping interest, while the Schuylkill is still waiting for the time to 
come when its shores will be needed to relieve the eastern"whaives. 

Next above the Navy Yard are the grain wharves of the Pennsylvania Railroad, with a large 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



6i 



elevator overlooking them ; and from these to Kensington there is a constant succession of 
shipping wharves, many of which have great local fame. 

Among these are Spruce Street wharf, the great oyster depot ; Dock Street wharf, famous 
for peaches ; Walnut, Chestnut, and Market, the great passenger wharves, where we may take 
boat up or down the river or across to Camden ; Vine Street wharf, the terminus of the Camden 
and Atlantic Railroad, whence in summer-time thousands depart daily for a run down to the 

beach, 

" To cool them in the sea;" 

Willow Street wharf, which is one of the termini of the Reading Railroad, and near to which 
the extensive freight depots of the Reading and the North Pennsylvania roads stand harmo- 




VIEW OF THE LUMBER WHARVES. 



niously side by side; and Poplar Street wharf, with its huge stacks of lumber. One of the most 
extensive of these yards, that of Patterson & Lippincott, is represented in the accompanying 
view. 

Kensington is the headquarters of the shipbuilding interest in the city proper; though there 
are first-class yards, turning out excellent work, at Kaighn's Point, Gloucester, Wilmington, 
and other points on the Delaware, all of which come properly under the head of Philadelphia 
enterprises. 

At the present time (1872) all these yards are busy, no less than sixteen iron steamers ot 
large size being in course of construction on the Delaware, besides a number of wooden ves- 
sels. It is intended to establish three lines of steamers to Europe, and many of the vessels are 
now under way. Cramp & Sons, at Kensington, are building four of the largest-sized iron 
steamers at once, and they will be placed in service as soon as completed. 



■62 



rniLADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Philadelphia has aspired little to the title of a commercial city, but has been content with 
being the largest manufacturing centre in the United States. Now, however, active exertions 
are being made to establish a commerce, and there can be little doubt of their ultimate success. 
Already the house of William P. Clyde & Co. has lines of steamers running to New York. 
Wilmington, Baltimore, and all the principal points on the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts of 
the United States ; and several other firms have lines nearly as extensive. The venerable 
Thomas Clyde, founder of the firm of William P. Clyde & Co., is probably the owner of more 
vessels than any other man in the world, having no less thanyf/Tj'-ZttY; steamers. 

Kensington also contains many important iron works and other manufacturing establish- 
ments ; but the locality favored by the heaviest workers in iron is that formerly known as 




VIEW ON THE DELAWARE — A CLYDE STEAMSHI!'. 



""Green Hill," extending trom Thirteenth to Eighteenth Streets, on the line of the Reading 
Railroad. Here are the Baldwin Locomotive Works before mentioned, the Norris Locomotive 
"Works, Stuart, Peterson & Co., William Sellers & Co., and several other establishments whose 
names are known all over the Union. 

When we say that the values of Philadelphia manufactures for the fiscal year ending June 
30, 1 87 1, footed up the respectable total of nearly three hundred and forty million dollars, 
that eight thousand five hundred mills, foundries, and factories combined to produce this result, 
and that one hundred and thirty-six thousand operatives, assisted by steam-engines aggregating 
fifty-five thousand horse-power, did the work, the reader will see that a detailed account of 
the manufactures of the city is scarcely to be expected in a work of this size. 

Suffice it to say, then, that iron articles of any size or shape, from a tack-hammer to a three- 
thousand-ton steamer, can be supplied in any quantity by the manufactories of Philadelphia. 

Other industries exist in equal proportion. Manayunk, on the Schuylkill, is alive with paper-, 
cotton-, and woolen-mills; all the other suburbs contain large industrial works; and, indeed, 
the whole city is one vast workshop, in which the visitor can spend many days pleasantly and 
profitably, viewing the varied ojierations of all the departments of its industry. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



63 



We present a view of one of the laboratories of Powers & Weightman, the leading manu- 
facturers of chemicals in the country. This is situated at the Falls of Schuylkill. They have 
another extensive establishment at Ninth and Parrish Streets, in the city proper. 

We also present a view of MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan's type-foundry, the oldest existing 
type-foundry in the United States, as well as one of the largest. The business of the firm was 




VIEW UK IHK SLIRVLKILL AT THE 1-ALLS. 

founded in 1796, by Binny & Ronaldson, and has steadily grown to its present size and 
importance. Our engraving gives a good view of the lower part of Sansom Street, with Inde- 
pendence Square in the background. 

Cornelius & Sons' estabhshment, probably the largest manufactory of gas-fixtures in the 
United States, is well shown in our cut. This building is on Cherry, above Eighth, and is one 
■of the many handsome manufactories which adorn the heart of the city. 

The city takes good care of the army of working-people encamped in her midst. Not only 
does she afford them comfortable homes at moderate cost to an extent unequaled in any other 
■city, but she also provides liberally for their comfort when sick, for their mental improvement 
when in health, for their recreation when at leisure, and for their children at all times. 

The oldest and most important of the hospitals of the city is the Pennsylvania Hospital, 
"^vhich was founded in 1750. It is located in the square bounded by Eighth, Ninth, Spruce, and 
Pine Streets, and may be visited after 10 a.m. on any day except Saturday and Sunday. An- 
other similar institution is the Episcopal Hospital, in the northeastern part of the city. 

The Blockley Almshouse is on the west side of the Schuylkill, nearly opposite the Naval 
Asylum, and is reached by the Walnut Street cars. There are six buildings, each five hundred 
feet long and three stories high, arranged in a quadrangle, with two wings. 

The United States Naval Asylum is on Gray's Ferry Road, below South Street. It is a 
beautiful place, and forms a snug harbor for the gallant seamen who have grown old and feeble 
in their country's service. 



64 



PHILADELPHIA A.\D ITS ENVIRONS. 



For the establishment of Girard College, a work magnificent alike in purpose, plan, and 
execution, Philadelphia is indebted, as for so many other benefits, to Stephen Girard. 

This eccentric but benevolent man made provision in his will for the erection of a college 
which should accommodate not less than three hundred children, who must be poor, white. 




SANSUM STKKKI AM) I N 1 IKII-.N 1 IKNC'K SO^ARK 



male orphans, between the ages of six and ten years. For the site of the college Mr. Girard 
bequeathed an estate of forty-five acres, called Peel Hall, situated on the Ridge Road, about a 
mile from its junction with Ninth and Vine Streets; and here the buildings were erected, the 
sum of two million dollars having been provided by the founder for the establishment and 
support of the institution. The capacity of the present buildings is five hundred and fifty, and 
that is about the number of the inmates now. 

The College proper is justly celebrated as one of the most beautiful structures of modern 
times, as well as the purest specimen of Grecian architecture in America. It has been so often 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



65 




GIRARD COLLEGE. 



described that we deem it unnecessary to give more than a pictorial sketch of it. Visitors will 
procure tickets of admission at the Ledger office, and take the Ridge Avenue cars. 




CHERRY STREET, ABOVE EIGHTH. 



Philadelphia has supplemented her admirable educational system by establishing a number 
of excellent public libraries, only one of which, however, the Apprentices' Library, at Fifth 

5 



66 



FhlLADELPhJA AAD ITS ENVIRONS. 



and Arch, is entirely free to its patrons. Of the others, the handsomest building is that con- 
taining the Mercantile Librar}-, on Tenth Street, between Chestnut and Market. 

We present a view of the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, on Eighteenth Street, opposite 
Logan Square. The corner-stone of this magnificent building, the finest Catholic church in 




INTERIOR VIEW UF THE MERCANTILE LIBRARY. 



the city, and up to the present date the finest in the United States, was laid by the Right Rev. 
F. P. Kenrick, September 6, 1846, and it was opened for divine service November, 1864. The 
edifice is one hundred and thirty-six feet front, two hundred and sixteen feet deep, and two 
hundred and ten feet in total height. The interior of the building is cruciform, and is designed 
in the most elaborate Roman-Corinthian style. 

Logan Square, opposite which the Cathedral stands, is surrounded with fine dwellings, and 
bears the s ame relation to this part of the city as Rittenhouse Square does to the southern 
portion. Surrounding the latter are many of the handsomest residences in the city, and 
especially noticeable among them is that of Joseph Harrison, Jr., on East Rittenhouse Square, 
a view of which is herewith presented. 

The Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, near Overbrook Station, on the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road, about five miles from the city, is for the instruction of those who intend to devote them- 
selves to the ministry of the Roman Catholic Church in the diocese of Philadelphia. Its 
architecture is of the Italian order. 

For the protection of the honest portion of the community, it has always been found neces- 
sary to place restraints upon the wicked ; and there are in Philadelphia several illustrations of 
what is frequently extolled as "the admirable prison system of Pennsylvania." 

The Eastern Penitentiary, to which convicts are sent from the eastern counties of the State, 
is on Coates Street, near Twenty-second. The " separate" {7iot solitary) system of confinement 
is adopted here, but is modified to the extent of confining two prisoners in each of the larger 
cells whenever the crowded state of the prison renders it necessary. Each prisoner is furnished 
with work enough to keep him moderately busy, and is permitted to earn money for himself 
by overwork. He is allowed to see and converse with the chaplain, prison-inspectors, and 
other officials, and an occasional visitor, but not with any of his fellow-prisoners. The advan- 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



67 



tages claimed for this system are that convicts have leisure and opportunity for reflection and 
for the formation of steady and correct habits, and are not in danger, when set free, of meeting 
other prisoners who can identify them and thus obtain a fearful influence over them. 

The grounds connected with this prison cover about eleven acres, nearly all of which space 




CATHKDRAL OF ST. PETER AND ST. VWl.. 



is covered with buildings, the whole being surrounded with a stone wall thirty feet high. The 
plan of the buildings may be compared to a star with seven rays, there being a central hall 
with seven corridors running from it, so arranged that the warden, sitting in the centre, has 
the whole length of each corridor under his eye. 

Permits to visit any of the prisons in the city can be obtained at the Ledger office. Visitors 
to the Eastern Penitentiary will take the Green and Coates Streets cars (running out Eighth 
Street), or the yellow cars of the Union line, running out Ninth and up Spring Garden. 

The Eastern Penitentiary is frequently called "Cherry Hill," from the former name of its 
site; and for the same reason the County Prison, at Eleventh and Passyunk Road, is generally 
known as " Moyamensing." Visitors to this prison will take cars on Tenth or Twelfth Street, 
or the green cars of the Union line, on Seventh Street. 



68 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



The House of Refuge, for juvenile oflendcrs, is on Twenty-second Street, near Poplar. 
Visitors are admitted every afternoon, except Saturday and Sunday. Take the Green and 
Coates, Poplar Street, or Ridge Avenue cars, — the last running up Arch to Ninth and out 
Ninth to Ridge Avenue. The green and red cars of the Union line, running out Ninth Street, 
connect with the Poplar Street line, and passengers ride through for one fare. 

The green cars of the Union line, running out Ninth Street, and the red cars of the Second 




EAST RITThNHOUSIi SQUARE. 



and Third Streets line, running out Third Street, 'both convey passengers to Richmond, where 
the coal wharves of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad are situated. These are on the 
Delaware, about thirty-five minutes' ride north from Market Street, and present at all times a 
scene such as can be witnessed at few other places on earth. Branching off from the main 
stem of the road at the Falls of Schuylkill, a double track runs to Richmond and there divides 
into many, and these into more, until the vast yard of the company is filled with diverging 
rays which resemble a gigantic fan. Puffing engines incessantly run long lines of grimy cars 
to the different pi ers, where their contents are dumped into a fleet of vessels whose size and 
numbers would hav e delighted the heart of Penn could he have anticipated such a commerce 
for his city. It is a busy, dirty, animated scene ; and whoso would witness it must not care for 
soiled clothes. 

The Germantown Railroad will carry the visitor in a few minutes to two of the most delight- 
ful suburbs of which the city can boast. These are Germantown and Chestnut Hill, both 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



69 



filled with beautiful country-seats, and rendered doubly interesting by historical associations. 
We regret that we have not space to enumerate their most prominent points of interest ; but 




-4=— V" ,Vi\iCr 






^^Olij®^^ 



' '":?iv=r~-_T. -; 



SEMINARY OF ST. CHARLES BURROMEO. 



all we can do is to recommend the stranger to make the visit for himself. We present, how- 
ever, as a specimen of the architecture in this part of the city, a view of the residence of 
Thomas MacKellar. 




Mi(N AMI'.NSINC. TUISON. 



Once an hour a car starts from the depot of the Second and Third Streets line at Richmond, 
and runs to Bridesburg. The ride from Richmond to Bridesburg is made in forty minutes, 



70 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



the route lying through a pleasant country, filled with country-seats and small farms, and 
having the Delaware for a boundary the entire distance. The car stops within a short dis- 
tance of the Frankford Arsenal, belonging to the United States Government. It is open to 




A (;EKMANri)\VN KKSl UKNCK 



visitors during the day; but it is best to visit it during the forenoon, as the shops close at 
4 P.M., and the length of time consumed in reaching it leaves a very small margin for sight- 
seeing in the afternoon. 

The visitor crosses a little bridge, over Frankford Creek, the boundary-line between 
Bridesburg and Frankford, walks up a well-paved sidewalk along the wall of the Arsenal , 
and a polite officer on duty at the gate directs him to the office, where a pass to visit the 
shops is given him. The grounds are open, and he may wander at will along the paths . 
These grounds cover sixty-two and a half acres, are beautifully situated and laid out, and are 
kept in perfect order. A few brass field-pieces, and some long piles of cannon-balls stacked 
up like stone fences on New England farms, with a solitary sentinel pacing his beat, and the 
stars and stripes floating overhead, are the only things that suggest the warlike uses of the 
place. The shops are devoted solely to the manufacture of fixed ammunition ; all the car- 
tridges used by the United States army are made here, and, as may be supposed, the late war 
taxed the energies of the laboratories to their utmost capacity. During the height of the war, 
work in these shops never stopped. Night and day, Sundays and holidays, it went on, the 
demand constantly increasing, until Lee's surrender stopped midway the erection of an 



PHJLADELJBJA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



71 



additional building calculated to turn out one million cartridges a day. That building is 
finished now, and ready for the next call. 

The manufacture of cartridges is an interesting process, and well worth seeing, and the 
visitor will scarcely regret the five-mile ride required to visit the Arsenal. 

Another United States Arsenal is situated near the Naval Asylum, on Gray's Ferry Road. 




THE HAKRlbUN BOILER WUKKb. 



This is devoted to the manufacture of shoes, clothing, etc. It is reached by the cars of the 
Spruce and Pine and Lombard and South Streets railways, and just beyond it are the extensive 
buildings of the Harrison Boiler Works, shown in our engraving. 



PLACES OF INTEREST. 



Penn Treaty Monument — Beach Street, above 

Hanover. Take street-cars marked " Richmond." 

The same cars pass the extensive coal wharves of the 

Reading Railroad, at Richmond. 
Old Swedes" Church — Swanson Street, below 

Christian. Take Second Street cars. The Navy 

Yard is in this vicinity. 
Penn's Cottage — Letitia Street, between Front and 

Second, near Market. 
London Coffee-House — Southwest comer Front 

and Market. 
Carpenters' Hall— Chestnut, below Fourth. 
Independence Hall— Chestnut, between Fifth and 

Sixth. Entrance to steeple granted on application 

to the Superintendent, in the Hall. 
" HULTSHEiMER's NEW HousE" — Southwest comer 

Seventh and Market. 
Christ Church— Second, above Market. 
Franklin's Grave — Southeast corner Fifth and 

Arch. 



Philadelphia Library andLoGANiAN Library 

— Fifth, below Chestnut. 
Ledger Building— Sixth and Chestnut. 
Philadelphia Dispensary (oldest institution of the 

kind in America, having been established in 1786) — 

127 South Fifth. 
American Philosophical Society— Fifth, below 

Chestnut. 
Athen^um and Historical Society of Penn- 
sylvania — Sixth and Adelphi, below Walnut. 
Academy of Natural Sciences — Broad, below 

Chestnut. Open Tuesday and Friday afternoons. 

Admission 10 cents. 
Franklin Institute — Seventh, above Chestnut. 
Mercantile Library — Tenth, above Chestnut. 
Apprentices' Library — Southwest comer Fifth and 

Arch. 
University of Pennsylvania — Ninth, above 

Chestnut (new building, Thirty-sixth and Darby 

Road). 



72 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



GiRARD College — Ridge Avenue, above Nineteenth 

Street. Tickets at Ledger office. Take Ridge 

Avenue or Nineteenth Street cars. 
School ok Design for Women — Northwest Penn 

Square. 
Pennsylvania Hospital — Eighth and Spruce. 
Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane— Hav- 

erford Road, West Philadelphia. Tickets at Ledger 

office. Take Market Street cars. 
Institution for the Deaf and Dumb— Broad 

and Pine. Exhibitions Thursday afternoons. Tickets 

at Ledger office. 
Episcopal Hospital — 2649 North Front Street. 
United States Naval Asylum — Gray's Ferry 

Road, below South. Take cars out Pine or South 

Street. 
Northern Home for Friendless Children — 

Twenty-third and Brown. Take Union line of cars 

out Ninth Street (Fairmount branch). 
Blind Asylum — Twentieth and Race. Admission to 

Wednesday afternoon concerts, 15 cents. 
Blockley Almshouse — West Philadelphia. Take 

Walnut Street cars to Thirty-fourth Street. Tickets 

at 42 North Seventh Street. 
County Prison, or" Moyamensing" — Eleventh and 

Passyunk Road. Tickets at Ledger office. 
Eastern Penitentiary — Coates above Twenty- 
second. Tickets at Ledger office. Take cars out 

Coates Street, or Fairmount cars of the Union line. 
Admission to the above, free, 



House of Refuge — Twenty-second, near Poplar. 
Admission every afternoon, except Saturday and 
Sunday. Tickets at Ledger office. Take Fairmount 
cars of Union line. 

Laurel Hill Cemetery — Ridge Avenue. Take 
Ridge Avenue cars. 

Mr. Vernon Cemetery — Nearly opposite Laurel 
Hill. 

Monument Cemetery — Broad Stre .t, opposite 
Berks. 

Woodlands Cemetery— Darby Road, West Phil- 
adelphia. Take Darby cars, or Walnut Street cars 
to Thirty-ninth Street. 

League Island— Foot of Broad Street. 

Frankford Arsenal — Frankford. Take Richmond 
horse-cars. 

United States Mint — Chestnut above Thirteenth. 
Admission from 9 to 12 A.M., daily, except Saturday 
and Sunday. 

Custom House — Chestnut, above Fourth. 

Post Office — Chestnut, below Fifth. 

Mayor's Office — Fifth and Chestnut. 

Commercial Exchange— Second, below Chestnut. 

Merchants' Exchange— Third and Walnut. 

Union League House — Broad and Sansom. Vis- 
itors admitted on being introduced by a member of 
the League. 

Masonic Hall (old) — 717 Chestnut; (new) Broad 
below Arch, 
except where otherwise stated. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 



Academy of Music — Broad and Locust. 

Arch Street Theatre— Arch, west of Sixth. 

Museum — Ninth and Arch. 

Simmons and Slocum's Opera House — Arch 

above Tenth. 
Chestnut Street Theatre — Chestnut, above 

Twelfth. 
Fox's American Theatre— Chestnut, above Tenth. 



Eleventh Street Opera House — Eleventh, above 

Chestnut. 
Walnut Street Theatre— Ninth and Walnut. 
Seventh Street Theatre — Seventh, below Arch. 
Musical Fund Hall — Locust, below Ninth. 
Horticultural Hall — Broad, below Locust. 
Concert Hall — Chestnut, above Twelfth. 



RAILROAD DEPOTS. 



Pennsylvania Central Railroad — Thirty-first 
and Market, Kensington, and Market Street Ferry. 

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad — Thir- 
teenth and Callowhill ; Germantown and Norristown 
Branch, Ninth and Green. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore 
Railroad— Broad and Prime. 



North Pennsylvania Railroad — Berks and 

American Streets, above Second. 
Camden and Atlantic Railroad— Vine Street 

Ferry. 
West Chester and Philadelphia Railroad — 

Thirty-first and Chestnut. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD INSURE IN 

THE PENN MUTUAL 

LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

921 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 



Incorporated 1847. 



DIVIDENDS PAID, 

$2,000,000. 

LOSSES PAID, 

$2,000,000. 




Income for 1870, 

$1,200,000. 

Cash Dividends 

Declared Annually. 

Accumulated Fund, 

$4,000,000. 



I St. Because it is one of the oldest companies in the country, and past the day of experiments. 
2d. Because it is the ONLY PURELY MUTUAL Company in the State. Every policy-holder is a 
member, entitled to all its advantages and privileges, having the right to vote at all elections for 
trustees, and thus has an influence in its management. 
3d. Because it has the largest accumulated fund of any Life Insurance Company in the State. 

4th. Because by economical management its ratio of expenses to total income is less than that of any 
company in the State. (See Official Insurance Reports.) 

5th. Because it has declared MORE DIVIDENDS IN NUMBER, and of a LARGER AVER- 
AGE PERCENTAGE, than any company in the United States. 

For example : A Policy for ^5000 has been paid to the WIDOW OP A PHILADEL- 
PHIA MERCHANT, UPON WHICH TWENTY-THREE DIVIDENDS 
had been declared, AVERAGING PIPT Y-SEVEN PER CENT. HAD THESE 
DIVIDENDS BEEN USED TO PURCHASE ADDITIONS TO THIS 
POLICY, $6,046.00 MORE WOULD HAVE BEEN REALIZED, MAK- 
ING THE POLICY WORTH $11,046.00. 

6th. Because it is liberal in its management, prompt in its settlements, safe beyond contingency, and its 
rates are as low as any good company in the country. 

Principal Features.— Absolute security, small expenses, large return premiums, prompt payment of 
losses, and liberality to the insured. 

The Board of TriLStees have decided to divide the net surplus, amounting to the sum of TWO HUN- 
DRED AND SIXTY-FIVE THOUSAND DOLLAES, among the holders of policies in force on the 31st day 
of December, 1871, on the CONTRIBUTION PLAN, applicable to reduction of Premiums or Premium Notes 
when the Annual Premium falls due, and decided to receive the SCRIP DIVIDENDS of the year 1869 in pay- 
ment of premiums at the same time. This, to the older members of the Company, is paying two Dividends 
this year, whicli in many cases will exceed the premium. 

SAMUEL C. HUEY, President. 
SAMUEL E. STOKES, Vice-President. H. S. STEPHENS, Secretary. 

JOHN W. HORNOR, A.V.-P. and Actuary. H. AUSTIE, Assistant Secretary. 

TRUSTEES. 



SAMUEL E. STOKES, 
THOMAS W. DAVIS 
JOSEPH M. P. PRICE, 
SAMUEL A. BISPHAM, 
HENRY C. HOWELL, 
EDMUND A. SOUDER 
JAMES LONG, 



ANTHONY J. DREXEL. 
JAMES O. PEASE, 
RODOLPHUS KENT, 
FREDERIC A. HOYT, 
ELLWOOD JOHNSON, 
WM. C. HOUSTON, 
JOHN G. BRENNER, 



BENJAMIN COATES, EDWARD .M. NEEDLES, 

RICHARD S. NEWBOLD, JAMES H. MACBRIDE, 

lAMES B. McFARLAND, JOHN MILNES, 

NVILLIAM P. HACKER, WM. H. RHAWN, 

JOSEPH H. TROTTER, JOSEPH B. HODGSON, 

WILLIAM H. KERN, HOWARD HINCH.MA^f. 
JAMES PX'STON, 



SOLICITOR, HENRY C. TOWNSEND. 
MEDICAL EXAMINERS. 
EDWARD HARTSHORNE, M.D., 1439 Walnut St. EDWARD A. PAGE, M.D., 1415 Walnut St 

In attendance at the Office of the Compain' from i 10 2 P.M. dailv. 
Philadelphia. Januarj- ist, 1872. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 







CONSUMPTION CAN BE CURED. 

SCHENCK'S PULMONIC SYRUP, 

SKAWKKD TONIC, and MANDRAKE PILLS are the only 
medicines needed to cure Consumption, and there are but two 
things to do to make the lunt;s heal. 

First, the liver and stomach must be got into a good, healthy 
condition ; for when the lungs arc wasting the whole body is wast- 
ing, and the food of a consumptive, even if he has an appetite, 
docs not nourish the body. If the stomach and liver are loaded 
with slime, it lies there and takes the place of food ; consequently 
the patient has no appetite, or very little, and the gastric juice 
cannot mix with the food, which lies in the stomach and spoils, or 
sours, and passes off without nourishing the system. 

SCHENCK'S Mandrake Pills act on the liver and stomach, 
and carrj- off this slime. The Skawbbu Tonic is a very pleasant 
stimulant, which, if taken directly after eating, unites with the 
gastric juice and dissolves the food, producing good chyme and 
chyle; then by partaking freely of the Pulmonic Sykip the food 
is turned into good blood, and the body begins to grow. As soon 
as the patient begins to gain in flesh, the matter in the lungs begins 
to ripen, and they heal up. This is the only way to cure con- 
sumption. No one was ever cured imless they began to gain in 
flesh. 

The second thing is, the patients must stay in a warm room 
until they get well ; it is very important for them to prevent taking 
cold when the lungs are diseased. " Fresh air" and riding about 
arc all wrong ; and yet, because they are in the house, they must 
not remain quiet ; they must walk about the room as fast as the 
strength will permit, to get up a good circulation of the blood. 

To those who can afford it, and are unwilling to stay in the 

house, I recommend a visit during the winter months to Florida, 

well down in the State, where the temperature is regular, and not 

subject to such variations as in more northern latitudes. 

I am now permanently located in my new building, northeast corner of Sixth and Arch Streets, Philadelphia, where, on 

every Saturday, from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., my son or myself can be consulted free of charge; but for a thorough examination 

with the Respirometer the charge will be $5. 

Schenck's Respirometer detects the slightest murmur of the respiratory organs, and the operator can readily determine 
whether a cavity or tubercles have been formed in the lungs, and whether a patient can be cured or not. This they must 
expect to know if they are examined by the Respirometer. 

Full directions accompany all my remedies, so that a person in any part of the world can be readily cured by a strict obser- 
vance of the same. J. H. SCHENCK, M.D. 
Price of the Pulmonic Syrup and Seaweed Tonic, $1.25 per bottle, or $7.00 per half-dozen. Mandrake Pills, as cents per box. 
Prepared and for sale by j jj. SCHENCK & SON, N. E. corner Sixth and Arch Sts., Philada., 

And by Druggists and dealers generally. 

F, GUTEKUNST, 

Photographic Artist, 

712 ARCH STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



SPECIAL ATTENTION IS INVITED TO 

SEVERAL NEW STYLES OF PICTURES, 

HIGHLY ARTISTIC AND BEAUTIFUL, 
NEVER BEFORE PRODUCED IN ANY GALLERY IN THIS CITY. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



WM. D. ROGERS. JOSEPH MOORE. Jr. 

FINE PLEASURE CARRIAGES. 

WM. D. ROGERS&CO. 

ESTABLISHED 1846. 
MANUFACTORY, ' -"^»™« -^ successors to 




GEORGE W. WATSON & CO., 
13th and Parrish Streets. \^BSS^ retired. 

ORIGINAL AND ONLY BUILDERS OF THE CELEBRATED 

ROGERS CARRIAGES AND LIGHT WAGONS, 

THE HIGHEST AMERICAN STANDARD. 
Unequaled Durability, Elegance of Design, Lightness, and Fine Finish. 



WARE ROOMS, 

1009 and 1011 Chestnut Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Established 1848. 

WILLIAM SELLERS. JOHN SELLERS, Jr. 

WM. SELLERS & CO., 

ENGINEERS, IRON FOUNDERS, AND MACHINISTS, 



Steam Hammers, Lathes, Bolt Cutters, and Planing Machines 

OF SPECIAL AND IMPROVED DESIGN. 

EAILWAT SHOP EQUIPMENTS. 

Railway Turning and Transfer Tables. 

SHAFTING AND MILL GEARING. 

aiFFARD'S INJEOTOfi-iMPRovED-SELI-ADJUSTING. 



1600 HAMILTON STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



A. H. FRANCISCUS. J. M. SIMPSON. O. F. HUBER. 



A. H. FRANCISCUS & Co., 

Manufacturers and Commission Merchants. 



Carpetings, 

OIL CLOTHS, 

MATTINGS, 

RUGS, ETC 

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN 

COTTON YARN, 

B^TTS, "W A. ID 15 1 IN" a-, "WIOKI, 

TWINES AND ROPES, 

Oil Cloths, Looking-Glasses, Fancy Baskets, 
WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE. 



A. H. FRANCISCUS & CO., 

513 Market Street and 510 Commerce Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS — ADVERTISER. 



I. p. M R R I S & C 0., 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Manufacturers of 

BLAST-FURNACE MACHINERY, 

P2imping, Stationary, and Marine Engines, 

Hoisting Machinery for Warehouses, 
boilers, tanks, sugar mills, 

AND 

MACHINERY OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 

CTHrCARDEN & CCX 

Nos. 606 & 608 MARKET ST., PHILADELPHIA, 

«V.\SHEO 1^ MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 

• Hats, Caps, and Straw G-oods, 

LADIES' AND MISSES' FURS, 
■ GENTS' FUR COLLARS /CND GLOVES. 

A FULL AND VARIED STOCK OF 

Ladies' and Gents' Buck, Flesher, and Kid 
11 Gloves, Gauntlets, etc. 

A FULL LINK OF 

MILLINERY GOODS, 

CONSISTING OF 

Bonnets, Hats, Ribbons, Silk Velvets, Laces, 
Flowers, Frames, etc. 




AN EXAMINATION OF OUR STOCK IS EARNESTLY SOLICITED. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



r w. clark & co., 
Bankers, 

Philadelphia AND Duluth. 



DEALERS IN 

GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. 

Stock, Note, and Gold Brokers. 

Interest allowed on Deposits. 

T H E A G 'R 

DAILY AND^EEKLY. 

The Leading DEMOCRATIC Newspaper in Pennsylvania. 



Carefully made up and neatly printed. 1 
Attractive in all its features. J 



The DAILY reaches those who take 
and read no other paper. 

The DAILY contains able editorials," 
all the latest local, American, and For- 
eign news by Associated Press and Cable, 
New York and Washington correspond- 
ents, etc. 

The "DAILY age" is respected by 
all, — even its political opponents. 



Price Low. 
Circulation 



Contents 

Varied. 

Unsurpassed, 



f A WELCOME visitor to the counting- 
( room, the workshop, and the home circle. 
( The WEEKLY goes throughout Penn- 
\ sylvania, the Middle States, and the entire 

Large, (south. 

I The WEEKLY combines literature with 
I news of the day. In its columns are 
-| Stories, Poetry, Departments for Ladies 
I and Children, Agricultural Items, Sunday 
\ Reading, etc. 

C The " WEEKLY AGE" is acknowledged 
.| to be the best Family Journal printed in 

Unequaled. [Philadelphia. 
T E 12, 3S4: s. 
DAILY for one year $8.00. [ WEEKLY, one year $1.50 

With great reductions to clubs. Subscriptions payable invariably in advance, 
SPECIMEN COPIES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION. 
All communications should be addressed to 

ROBB & BIDDLE, Proprietors, 
Nos. 14 & 16 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia. 

JAMES M. ROBB. CHAS. J. BIDDLE. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 7 

THOS. T. TASKER, Jr. STEPHEN P. M. TASKER. 

Morris, Tasker & Co., 

Pascal Iron Works. 



WORKS AND OFFICE, 

FIFTH AND TASKER STREETS, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Warehouse and Office, No. 15 Gold Street, 

NEW YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

IMPROVED COAL GAS MACHINERY, 

FOR LIGHTING CITIES, TOWNS, ETC. 

Wrought-Iron Welded Tubes, 

PLAIN AND GALVANIZED, FOR GAS, STEAM, AND WATER. 
Lap"welded Charcoal-Iron 

BOILER TUBES, 

OIL WELL TUBING AND CASING, 

GAS AND STEAM FITTINGS, 

BRASS VALVES AND COCKS, 

BECHTEL'S STEAM TRAPS, 

GAS- AND STEAM-PITTEES' TOOLS, 

CAST-IRON GAS AND WATER PIPE, 
STREET LAMP-POSTS AND LANTERNS, ETC. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 





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PHILADELPHIA. 



Having removed to the large and commodious building No. 528 Arch Street, running through 

to No. 531 North Street, and erected new and improved machinery and apparatus 

in our Laboratory, we are now prepared to furnish 

SuGAR-CoATED PiLLS AND GRANULES 

WHICH CANNOT BE EXCELLED IN OUALITY OR APPEARANCE BY ANY MADE 
IN THIS COUNTRY OR IN EUROPE. 



DEPOTS IN THE WEST. 



FULLER & FULLER Chicago. 

BLISS & TORRY Chicago. 

M. W. ALEXANDER St. Louis. 

F. E. SUIRE & CO Cincinnati. 

FARRAND, SHELEY & CO. Detroit. 
ARTHUR PP:TER & CO. . . Louisville. 
BROWNING & SLOAN . . . Indianapolis. 



C. C.WARD & BROTHER . Me.mphis. 

H. C. (iAYLORD Cleveland. 

PLUMMER & MORRISON . Richmond, Ind. 
ROBERT PARHAM .... Leavenworth. 

ALLEN PENCE Tkkre Haute. 

BLOCKSON BROS Zanesville. 

ROGERS & MALONIC . . . (2uiNcv, III. 
San Francisco. 



JOHN NEWMAN & CO. 
Price Lists, with full recipes attached, furnished by any of our Agents. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 9 

Assets over $1,400,000. 

Provident Life and Trust Company 

OF PHILADELPHIA. 

OFFICE, No. Ill SOUTH FOURTH STREET. 

Incorporated by the State of Pennsylvania, Third Month, 22, 1865. 

Expressly required by its charter to divide every dollar of surplus among its policy- 
holders. It is therefore strictly mutual. Under an economical and judicious adminis- 
tration, having for its membership a large proportion of Friends, whose average length 
of life is nearly nine years greater than that of the community at large, and confining 
its business to the more healthy regions of our country, we belie\e this company offers 
imlucements that cannot be surpassed. 

This company is similar in its organization to the "Friends' Provident Institution" 
of England. The "Friends' Provident" was organized in 1832, and has, therefore, 
been in operation forty years. Its low rate of mortality and safe and economical man- 
agement have placed it in the front rank of companies in that country. 

President, Vice-President, Actuary, 

SAxMUEL R. SHIPLEY. WM. C. LONGSTRETH. ROWLAND PARRY. 

F O R N eIyI'1^^ P 

Get the Best and Cheapest Newspaper in the Country. 

TH^ PRESS 

Is a 6rst-class double-sheet eight-page paper, containing Forty-Eight Columns, published 
EVERY MORNING (except Sundays). 

DAILY PRESS. — $8.00 per annum; $4.00 for Six Months; $2.00 for 

Three Months. 
TRI-WEEKLY PRP^SS. — $4-oo per annum; $2.00 for Six Months; 

$1.00 for Three Months. 

THE WEEKLY PRESS, 

The most valuable Weekly Newspaper in the world. It contains items of interest to all. 

READ THE TERMS: 

One Copy, one year ^3 oo 

Five Copies ^ ck, 

Ten Copies (and one copy to the getter-up of the chib) i S oo 

Twenty Copies (and one copy to the getter-up of the club) 27 oo 

Fifty Copies (and one copy to the getter-up of the club) SS 00 

Ten Copies, to one address (and one copy to the getter-up of the club; . . 14 00 

Twenty Copies, to one address (and one copy to the getter-up of the club) . . 25 00 

Fifty Copies, to one address (and one copy to the getter-up of the club) . !;o 00 

One Hundred Copies, to om address (and one copy of the Tri-Weekly Press to the f 

getter-up of the club) . . . . .' | 100 00 

All orders should be addressed to JOHN W. FORNEY, Editor and Proprietor, 

S. W. Cor, Seventh and Chestnut Streets, PhUada., Penna. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 

HARDING'S EDITIONS 



OF 



THE HOLY BIBLE, 



LONG AND FAVORABLY KNOWN AS 



THE CHEAPEST and BEST QUARTO BIBLES PUBLISHED 

IN THE WORLD. 



Harding's Superior Photograph Albums, 

MANUFACTURED UNDER LETTERS-PATENT OF THE UNITED STATES, 
By WILLIAM W. HARDING, Patentee. 



FAMILY BIBLES, with or without Photograph Leaves for Family Portraits. 

PULPIT BIBLES, printed in clear, bold type, and on fine white paper of the 
best quality. 

PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS, embracing every variety, from the Pocket 
Album to the quarto size. Also, the celebrated Chain-back Photograph 
Album, superior to every other style for strength, durability, beauty, and con- 
venience. 

The publisher of HARDING'S WELL-KNOWN EDITIONS of the HOLY BIBLE takes 

pleasure in announcing that, in addition to his already large variety of popular styles, he has introduced 
many entirely new and original patterns of binding, which cannot fail to prove attractive and salable. 
The attention of the public is respectfully called to these new styles. 

HARDING'S EDITIONS OF THE BIBLE have maintained, for more than forty years, such 
a world-wide reputation as " The Cheapest and Best Family Bibles," that it is only necessary to 
say that, with largely-increased facilities for manufacturing, he is enabled to keep his publications far in 
advance of all others for cheapness and superior workmanship, rivaling the boasted publishing houses of 
London. The type of every edition is clear and distinct; the paper, manufactured expressly for the 
purpose, is of the best quality ; and the illustrations are all new ^.wA fresh — many of them selected from 
the original pictures of Gustave Dor6, the renowned artist. 

The prices of HARDING'S EDITIONS OF THE BIBLE range from $2.3S up to $40.00,— 
the intermediate prices and styles being adapted to every variety of taste, and coming within the means 
of all. 

WILLIAM W. HARDING, 
I'liii.ADELiHiA. 1872. 630 Chestnut Street. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. ii 



Pan COAST & Maule, 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Succeed MORRIS, TASKER & 00. as Contractors for 

STEAM HEATING 



BUILDINGS OF ALL CLASSES 

HEATED WITH 

High or Low Pressure Steam and Hot Water y 

BY THE MOST APPROVED METHODS, ADAPTED TO 

HOTELS, ASYLUMS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, MILLS, FACTORIES, 
DWELLINGS, VESSELS, ETC. 

LAUNDRY APPARATUS 

IN DETAIL, 

Washing Machines, Centrifugal Wringers, Mangles, Boiling Tubs, Dry- 
ing Closets, Iron Heaters, Starch Kettles, etc., 

FURNISHED AND ERECTED. 

CULINARY APPARATUS, 

COMPRISING 

Steam and Hot ^Vater Carving- Tables, Iron and Copper Kettles for 
boiling Soups, Coffee, Tea, etc., Vegetable Steamers, 

AND EVERY REQUISITE FOR FIRST-CLASS KITCHENS. 

COILS FOE SOAP-BOILING, DYEING, DRYING, ETC., 

ALL KINDS AND SIZES. 

Engines, Boilers, Steam Pumps, Fans, etc. 

O-K.EEIsrHIOTJSElS, 
CONSERVATORIES, FORCING-HOUSES, ETC. 

HEATED BY HOT-WATER CIRCULATION 

TO ANY DESIRED TEMPERATURE. 



Competent workmen furnished promptly to make repairs and execute orders for Steam 

Fitting in all its branches. 
ESTIMATES FURNISHED GRATIS UPON APPLICATION. 



12 PHILADELPHIA AND ITU ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 

THE 

Evening Telegraph, 

PUBLISHED EVERY AFTERNOON 

(SUNDAYS EXCEPTED). 

At No. io8 South Third Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



The Evening Telegraph is an independent Republican journal, occupying a broad and 
liberal platform, and advocating earnestly and impartially such a local and national policy as 
appears conducive to the best interests of the city and country at large. 

In successive daily editions, it presents the latest news from all parts of the world, by tele- 
graph and mail. The earliest regular edition goes to press at i] o'clock in the afternoon, and 
the subsequent regular editions at i\, 3^, and 4^. Whenever there are important advices from 
any quarter of the world to warrant it, extra editions are issued after the last-named hour, and 
also before the usual time for tire early edition. The extension of the telegraphic system to all 
parts of the civilized world, and the promptness with which news is now forwarded by this 
agency, give to an afternoon journal an immeasurable advantage over its morning contem- 
poraries, and enable it to anticipate nearly all the news uf the day. The recent Franco-German 
war afforded a good illustration of the superior facilities possessed by an enterprising afternoon 
paper for furnishing its readers with the record of imposing events a full half-day before it was 
possible for them to obtain access to the news in the columns of the morning journals. From 
the opening to the close of the struggle, The Evening Telegraph was able, day by day, to 
lay before its readers a history of the contest which was essentially complete, as well as in 
advance of all its rivals. 

From its original establishment The Evening Telegraph has been in receipt of telegraphic 
news from the New York Associated Press, which consists of the Tribune, Times, Herald, World, 
Sun, Journal of Commerce, Evotini^ Post, Commercial Advertiser, and Evening Express. The 
success which has attended our enterprise is in itself a sufficient evidence of the freshness, full- 
ness, and reliability of the news which we have received from this source. In March, 1870, more- 
over, a special contract was entered into, by which The Eveninc; Telegraph has had, and 
still continues to have, the exclusive use of the news furnished during the afternoon of each 
day to its own members in this city — the North American, Inquirer, Ledger, Press, Age, Record, 
and German Democrat — and to the leading journals of the whole country; and hereafter 
The Evening Telegraph will be the only evening paper published in Philadelphia in which 
the afternoon dispatches of the Associated Press will appear. In addition to the unsurpassed 
facilities afforded by this exclusive arrangement with the .Vssociated Press, The Eveninc; 
Telegraph has its own special correspondents stationed at all the great news centres, and 
is in daily receipt from them of important advices by both telegraph and mail. 

The daily budget of news from all parts of the world is supjilemented by impartial comment 
editorially, and also by explanatory original articles, for the preparation of which it possesses 
facilities that are not surpassed by any journal in the country. Concerning this feature of the 
paper, the New York Times recently remarked : 

" Whenever any important news is received during the dnytime, whicli requires to l)e 'written \ip,' the Phila- 
delphia Eveninc TKLKfiKAl'll is pretty certain to do it, and pretty certain to do it well." 

The news of Philadelphia and vicinity is likewise made a special feature, and every event 
transpiring in our midst is detailed in the columns of The Evening Telegraph at the earliest 
possible moment and in the fullest ,-ind most impartial manner. 

A large share of space is daily devoted to literary, art, musical, and dramatic criticisms, and to 
a varied assortment of substantial and entertaining selections from the periodical |)ress of the 
whole world. One of the leading features of the paper is a daily compilation of the editorial 
opinions of all the inlluential journals of the country, without regard to their political bias. 
This feature enables the readers of The Eveninc; Telegraph to obtain, for a trifle, access to 
a variety of editorial comment which could otherwise be obtained only by subscription for all 
the leading journals of the United States. 

Address CHAS. K. WARBURTON, 

PU BLIS H ER, 
No. 108 South Third Street, Philadelphia, Penna. 



PHILADELPHIA AMD ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 13 



O ECURITY FROM LOSS BY BURGLARY, 
^ ROBBERY, FIRE, OR ACCIDENT. 



The Fidelity Insurance, Trust, and Safe Deposit 
Company of Philadelphia, 



IN THEIR 



New Marble Fire-proof Building, 
Nos. 327, 329, and 331 Chestnut Street. 



Capital Subscribed ...... $1,000,000. 

Paid in 850,000. 

COUPON BONDS, STOCKS, SECURITIES, FAMILY PLATE, 
COIN, DEEDS, and VALUABLES of every description received for safe- 
keeping, under guarantee, at very moderate rates. 

The Company also rent Safes inside their Burglar-proof Vaults, at prices 
varying from S15 to $75 a year, according to size. An extra size for corporations and 
bankers. Rooms and desks adjoining vaults provided for safe-renters. 

DEPOSITS OF MONEY RECEIVED ON INTEREST, at three 
per cent, payable by check without notice, and at four per cent, payable by check on 
ten days' notice. 

INCOME COLLECTED and remitted for one per cent. 

The Company act as EXECUTORS, ADMINISTRATORS, and GUARDIANS, 
and RECEIVE and EXECUTE TRUSTS of every description from the courts, cor- 
porations, and individuals. 

TRUST FUNDS AND INVESTMENTS KEPT SEPARATE AND APART 
FROM ASSETS OF COMPANY. 

N. B. BROWNE, President. C. H. CLARK, Vice-President. 

ROBERT PATTERSON, Secretary .and Treasurer. 



DIRECTORS 

N. B. BROWNE, 
CLARENCE H. CLARK, 
JOHN WELSH, 
CHARLES MACALESTER, 
EDWARD W. CLARK, 



HENRY PRATT McKEAN. 



ALEXANDER HENRY, 
STEPHEN A. CALDWELL, 
GEORGE F. TYLER, 
HENRY C. GIBSON, 
J. GILLINGHAM FELL. 



14 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



NATIONAL 

SUNDAY-SCHOOL PERIODICALS, 



PUBLISHED BY THE 



AMERICAN SUNDAY-SCHOOL UNION, 

REV. RICHARD NEWTON, D.D., 

EDITOR. 



THE SUNDAY-SCHOOL WORLD 

CONTAINS A NEW SERIES OF 

Uniform Lessons for Sunday-Schools, 

PREPARED BY THE 

Rev. JOHN HALL, D.D., of New York ; 

A new course of Sermons for Children, and fresh Gleanings from the Holy Land, by the 
Editor ; and practical articles upon the improvement and extension of Sunday-Schools, and a 
Normal or Teacher's Department, by Rev. H. Clay Trumbull. 

A MONTHLY JOURNAL. 
Only 50 Cents a year. 



THE CHILD'S WORLD, 

a beautifully illustrated paper for children and youth, published twice a month, at the low rate of 
24 cents a copy per annum, when ten copies or more are sent to one address ; and it can be had 
monthly at one-half the above rates. Postage in all cases payable at the office where received. 
This paper also will contain articles adapted to its readers, by the Rev. Dr. Newton, on 
Scenes and Incidents in the Holy Land. 



THE LESSON PAPER FOR SCHOLARS, in the Uniform Series, with the text of the 
lesson and suggestive helps for the study of it, is published separately, four lessons on a 
sheet, at the rate of 75 cents per 100 copies for one month, or I9 for 100 copies for one year, 

INTERMEDIATE LESSON PAPER. A second scholars' paper has been prepared, 
beginning with the April Lessons, of a more simple character, with questions and explana- 
tions. Price, same as above. 

Catalogues of the Society's publications, and specimen copies of its periodicals and Lesson 
Papers, furnished on application to 

ALEXANDER KIRKPATRICK, 

SUPERINTENDENT OF DEPOSITORIES, 

No. 1122 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 15 

PHILADELPHIA & READING RAILROAD, 

Depot, Thirte enth and Callo whill Streets. 

THROUGH TRAINS DAILY TO 

W^illiamsport, Harrisburg, Allentown, Lancaster, Columbia, 

Shamokin, Mahanoy City, Ashland, Pottsville, Reading. 

CONNECTIONS FOR POINTS IN NEW YORK STATE, CANADA, WEST, AND 

NORTHWEST, DAILY. 



PARK ACCOMMODATION TRAINS. 

For the convenience of visitors to FAIRMOUNT PARK, trains are run frequently, landing 
passengers at the entrance to the FAMOUS BELMONT GLEN. 



GERMANTOWN & NORRISTOWN BRANCH. 

Depot, Ninth and Green Streets. 

Between 30 and 40 Trains each way to and from GERMANTOWN Daily. 
15 " 20 " " " CHESTNUT HILL Daily. 

fMANAYUNK, CONSHOHOCKEN, 
^5 *° \ and NORRISTOWN Daily. 

The frequency of trains and low commutation rates offer great inducements to those who 
desire to reside in the suburban districts. 
J. E. WOOTTEN, G. A. NICOLLS, C. G. HANCOCK, 

Asst. Supt., Reading. Gen. Supt., Phila. Gen. Ticket Agent, Phila. 

Powers & Weightman, 

MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS, 
PHILADELPHIA. 

Office, Ninth and Parrish Streets. 



NEW YORK STOEE, 56 MAIDEN LANE. 

OFFER TO THE WHOLESALE DRUG TRADE, AND TO THOSE WHO BUY IN 
SIMILAR QUANTITIES, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF 

CHEMICALS, 

MEDICINAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC, AND FOR THE ARTS, 
Including Quinia Sulphate and Morphia Sulphate. 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS— ADVERTISER. 



182Q. CHARTER PERPETUAL. I 8? 2 

CAriTAi,, c:ash a.ssp:ts on January ist, 187a, 

5400,000.00. S3, 255, 748. 94. 

FRANKLIN 

FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY 

OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Premiums received in 1871 ^1,451,176.63 

Interest Moneys, Dividends, etc. received in 1871 212,375.78 

Losses paid in 187 1 928,542.42 

Of which CHICAGO received 419,596.85 

The Assets of the •' FRANKLIN" are all invested in solid securities (over two mil- 
lion seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars in First Bonds and Mortgages), which are 
all Interest-bearing and Dividend-paying. The Company holds no Bills Receivable 
taken for insurances effected. 

The Company issues Policies upon the Rents of all kinds of Buildings, Grounij 
Rents, and Mortgages. 

Losses Paid since 1829, nearly $7,000,000. 
DIRECTORS. 

ALFRED G. BAKER, GEO. W. RICHARDS, GEO. FALES, THOMAS SPARKS, 

SAMUEL GRANT. ISAAC LEA, ALFRED FITLER, GUSTAVUS S. BENSON 

WM. S. GRANT, THOMAS S. ELLIS, 

OFFICERS. 

ALFRED G. B A K E R, President. 
THEO. M. REGER, Secretary. GEORGE FALES, Vice-President. 

SAML. W. KAY, Assistant Secretary. JAS. W. McALLlSTER, 2d Vice-President. 

The " FRANKLIN" has had an interest in many large fires. Pittsburg and New York in 1845, St. Louis 
in 1849, Philadelphia in 1839 '"^"^ 1850, and Chicago in 1871, all attest her reliability. Her losses have always 
been promptly paid ; her responsibility and strength have never been questioned. 

Its business is limited to Fire Insurance exclusively. Its risks are scattered throughout thirty-one States, 
and taken in moderate amounts with especial care ; its losses are promptly settled as soon as determined. 

In seeking Insurance, safety is the main point; at a fair rate of premium, a wise man will -select the 
Strongest Company, rather than a weak and newly-established one 

/ NEW YORK AND THE NEW ENGLAND STATES, Plass & Reger, Hkanch 

/ Office, 243 BROADWAY, New York City. 

I NORTHERN NEW JERSEY, Van Camp & Worthington, TRENTON. 
GENERAL 1 SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY, R. R. Miller, CAMDEN. 

/ PENNSYLVANIA, Wm. Buehler, State Agent, HARRISBURG. 
A GENTS. I Thotnpson.Derr&Bro., Special Ar.ENTS,WILKESHAKRE. 

/ WESTERN STATES, Coffin & Kellogg, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 

I .SOUTHERN STATES, J. W. Cochran & Sons, LEXINGTON, KY. 

\ MARYLAND, E. J. Richardson & Sons, BALTIMORE. 

f^' Th« Agents of this Company throughout the United States number nearly One Thousand. 



JAY COOKE & CO., 

PHILADELPHIA, NEW YORK, AND WASHINGTON. 

JAY COOKE, Mcculloch & co., 

LONDON. 

BANKERS. 

WE BUY AND SELL 

GOVERNMENT SECURITIES, 

PENNSYLVANIA STATE AND 

PHILADELPHIA CITY LOANS, 

GOLD AND SILVER, 

AND EXECUTE ORDERS FOR THE PURCHASE AND SALE OF 

BONDS AND STOCKS ON COMMISSION, 

AT THE BOARDS OF THIS AND OTHER CITIES ; 
MAKE COLLECTIONS ON ALL POINTS, AND ALLOW INTEREST ON 

CURRENCY AND GOLD DEPOSITS. 



IN CONNECTION WITH OUR LONDON HOUSE, WE TRANSACT A 

GENERAL FOREIGN EXCHANGE BUSINESS, 

INCLUDING PURCHASE AND SALE OF STERLING BILLS, 

AND THE ISSUE OF 

COMMERCIAL AND TRAVELERS' CREDITS, 

AVAILABLE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. 

Direct telegraphic communication with our New York and Washington offices. 
Passports furnished parties taking Letters of Credit through us, without extra charge. 



J AY COOKE & CO., 

No. 114 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



NO STORE ON CHESTNUT STREET. 



C 



^^^ELIUS & soj^ 




MANUFACTURERS OF 



GAS FIXTURES. 



WHOLESALE 



AND 



RETAIL SALESROOMS, 

821 CHEREY 

STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA.^ 



.O'S 



^^ 



